THE EFFECT OF SKY FACTOR AND THE CHANGE ON IMPRESSION OF TOWNSCAPE<br>With the experiment for evaluation impression while walking

Abstract

This paper aims to clarify the component of impression of townscape while walking and to verify the effect of sky factor and the change on the components above-mentioned. The results are; (1) according to the factor analysis, "Calmness", "Openness", and "Activity" compose the impression of the city, (2) neither the relation between "Calmness" and sky factor nor change of sky factor are significant, (3) sky factor and change of it define "Openness" of the city significantly, (4) "Activity" of the city appears to be influenced by change of sky factor rather than sky factor itself.

Application of Method for Calculating Sky View Factor Using Google Street View: Relation Between Sky View Factor and Physical Elements in Urban Space

“…Moreover, the feelings of a person are influenced by the environment while walking. Nishio et al (2015) argued that the subjects felt open and active while walking when the SVF at the current location was higher than that at a location 10 m before the current location. The GSV images were photographed at approximately 10-m intervals.…”

“…The position relations are composed of network data, which makes it possible to calculate the change in the SVF. Nishio et al (2015) reported that the subjects felt open and active 2 in those areas of a city that had a high SVF. Moreover, the feelings of a person are influenced by the environment while walking.…”

“…1 The amount of the sky in a hemispherand is contained in an equisolid angle projection. The SVF is related to the feelings of a person (Takei et al, 1977;Nishio et al, 2015), and it is one of the important structural elements when considering a comfortable city to live in. Generally, a software such as JWCAD is used to calculate the SVF.…”

“…Generally, a software such as JWCAD is used to calculate the SVF. Furthermore, in previous studies, a digital camera with a fisheye lens equipped to produce a fisheye image was used (Takei et al, 1977;Nishio et al, 2015). This method is effective for accurately calculating the SVF at a single point.…”

Statistical validation of utility of head-mounted display projection-based experimental impression evaluation for sequential streetscapes

“…The impression evaluation was obtained in field experiments for several studies on sequential evaluation. For example, Nishio and Ito (2015) clarified the component of the townscape impression while walking to verify the effect of the sky factor. 3.…”