The effect of silicon dioxide and zinc borate on the flame retardancy, thermal and mechanical properties of jute/epoxy hybrid composite

Canıtez, Hürrem; Yılmaz, Ayten Nur Yüksel; Bedeloğlu, Ayşe Çelik

doi:10.1080/15440478.2022.2131683

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…According to the test results, it was observed that the burning rate decreased with the increase in the amount of Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3 in the loading composite. Similar studies have also been reported in the literature [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Koyuncu

2024

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In this study, the behavior of hemp fiber/epoxy composites subjected to flammability properties. for the production of composite samples, hemp reinforcements were used: unidirectional two balanced laminates (00/900) different in thickness were studied: 2 plies, 4 plies. The composites were fabricated by hand lay-up process the flammability properties of composites are analyzed by using UL-94. The effects of two different fire retardant compounds (Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminum hydroxide) filling on the Underwriters Laboratories (UL)-94 horizontal and vertical tests were carried out for evaluating the effectiveness of these FR treatments. The effects of 2 - 4% Mg (OH)2 and Al (OH)3 loading on the composites' burning rate was studied. It was seen that the composite results of vertical burning tests classified these composites under No Classification. The rate of burning of the composites decreased with the inclusion of fire retardants and the rate of burning of 11,60 and 11,22 and 12,20, and 10,60 mm/min was found with 4% wt of Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3 in composites respectively.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Koyuncu

2024

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“…The failure was caused by a combination of fracture modes, including fibre/matrix deboning, uneven filler distribution, fibre pull out, and breakage. The fibre pullout from the epoxy matrix seen in SEM images indicates inefficiency of stress transfer and poor interactions between fibre and matrix compared to composites with 8 wt.% SiC and 2 wt.% Al 2 O 3 , resulting in composites with less than 8 wt.% SiC having poor mechanical properties as reported by Canıtez et al 37 The sample A, B & E revealed more voids, fibre breakage, fibre pullout and non-uniform dispersion of fillers in the epoxy matrix resulted in poor interfacial strength as reported by Zaer-Miri and Khosravi. 38 The improved interfacial adhesion between the fillers and the epoxy matrix resulted in higher fracture resistance in the SiC and Al 2 O 3 filled composites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…This phenomenon shows that cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin fibres have lost the majority of their hydroxyl and ester groups. 36 37 The sample A, B & E revealed more voids, fibre breakage, fibre pullout and non-uniform dispersion of fillers in the epoxy matrix resulted in poor interfacial strength as reported by Zaer-Miri and Khosravi. 38 The improved interfacial adhesion between the fillers and the epoxy matrix resulted in higher fracture resistance in the SiC and Al 2 O 3 filled composites.…”

Section: Hardness Testmentioning

confidence: 60%

Enhancement of mechanical properties of ramie and jute fibres reinforced epoxy hybrid composites: Influencing of SiC and Al₂O₃

Ramasamy,

Selvaraj,

Murugan

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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Due to rising environmental awareness and dwindling oil supplies, many efforts have been made to replace synthetic fibres with plant fibre reinforced composites (PFRC). The need to eliminate plastics from everyday life has resulted in the development of a diverse range of eco-friendly natural-based composites for the automotive, chemical, and food packaging industries. PFRC plays an important role in the production of lightweight and cost-effective products. The current study looked at how different proportions of SiC/Al2O3 filler affected the mechanical properties of a plant fibre-based ramie/jute epoxy hybrid composite. By reinforcing a constant ramie (20 wt.%) and jute (10 wt.%) fibre with different proportions of SiC (2 –10 wt.%) and Al2O3 (0 –8 wt.%), hybrid composites were created using traditional stirring and compression moulding methods. The hybrid composite with 8% SiC and 2% Al2O3 (sample D) has higher tensile, flexural, hardness, impact, and interlaminar shear strength than the other combinations. The functional group of a nanoparticle-filled hybrid composite was evaluated using Fourier Transfer infrared Spectroscopy. Furthermore, SEM confirmed the excellent bonding of the viable hybrid composite combination’s filler, fibre, and matrix. According to the findings, a nano filler content of 8% SiC and 2% Al2O3 can improve mechanical properties and serve as a viable reinforcement in hybrid polymer composites for major engineering applications.

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“…Although the traditional halogen-containing flame-retardants are economical and efficient, a majority of them are ruled out the markets owing to their release of corrosive gases during combustion and potential accumulation in organisms. 7,8 Currently, halogen-free flame-retardants containing phosphorus, [9][10][11] sulfur, 12,13 nitrogen, 14,15 and silicon 16,17 have become the most promising substitutes to the halogenated flame-retardants. Among them, phosphorus-containing compounds, especially 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and its derivatives, have attracted growing attention thanks to their excellent efficiency and low toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A functional phosphorus/nitrogen‐containing compound for endowing epoxy resin simultaneously with better fire safety, comparable transparency and improved toughness

Wang,

Cai,

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Currently, the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) was achieved at the expenses of the transparency and/or toughness. In the present work, a phosphorus/nitrogen‐containing compound (FDNP) was synthesized by one‐pot method using 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phospha‐phenanthrene‐10‐oxide, furfural and N‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine as raw materials, and further adopted as a functional agent for epoxy resin. The results demonstrated that the FDNP remarkably improved the fire safety of EP. The incorporation of 4 wt% FDNP enabled EP to pass UL‐94 V‐0 rating test and achieve a limiting oxygen index value of 35.5%; meanwhile, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate and total smoke release were significantly reduced by 41.3%, 41.6% and 72.5% as compared with the pure EP, respectively. What is more, the EP/4 wt% FDNP composite kept almost the same transparency of the pure EP, simultaneously its impact strength was more than doubled as that of the pure EP. Herein, the improved flame retardancy is contributed to a synergistic biphasic flame retardant effect including the formation of a compact protective carbon layer and the release of both non‐combustible gases and phosphorus‐containing radicals.

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The effect of silicon dioxide and zinc borate on the flame retardancy, thermal and mechanical properties of jute/epoxy hybrid composite

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Enhancement of mechanical properties of ramie and jute fibres reinforced epoxy hybrid composites: Influencing of SiC and Al₂O₃

A functional phosphorus/nitrogen‐containing compound for endowing epoxy resin simultaneously with better fire safety, comparable transparency and improved toughness

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The effect of silicon dioxide and zinc borate on the flame retardancy, thermal and mechanical properties of jute/epoxy hybrid composite

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Właściwości palne kompozytów epoksydowych wzmocnionych włóknem konopnym

Enhancement of mechanical properties of ramie and jute fibres reinforced epoxy hybrid composites: Influencing of SiC and Al2O3

A functional phosphorus/nitrogen‐containing compound for endowing epoxy resin simultaneously with better fire safety, comparable transparency and improved toughness

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Enhancement of mechanical properties of ramie and jute fibres reinforced epoxy hybrid composites: Influencing of SiC and Al₂O₃