The effect of selective reporting on estimates of weaning weight parameters in beef cattle

Mallinckrodt, Craig; Golden, Bruce L.; Bourdon, R. M.

doi:10.2527/1995.7351264x

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Mean estimates in the literature, as reported in reviews by Meyer (1992), Mohiuddin (1993), and Koots et al (1994b), are solidly negative. Negative correlations between direct and maternal effects may be due not only to genetic antagonism but also to negative environmental dam-offspring covariances (Baker 1980), sire-by-year variation that is unaccounted for (Robinson 1994), or selective reporting of data (Mallinckrodt et al 1995). Such sources of error are more probable in field data than controlled experiments like this study.…”

Section: Maternal Componentsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Estimates of direct and maternal genetic parameters for weight traits and backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle

Tosh

Kemp²,

Ward³

1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1999. Estimates of direct and maternal genetic parameters for weight traits and backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 79: 433-439. Variance components were estimated for weight at birth, weaning, and 365 d of age, and yearling ultrasonic backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle. Data (n = 5880) were available on F 1 animals and various crosses leading up to, and including, a composite breed (7/16 British, 1/4 Charolais, 1/4 Simmental, and 1/16 Limousin). Single-and two-trait analyses were conducted using an animal model and derivative-free REML procedures. Covariates representing fractional contributions of each of the four purebred groups and average heterotic effects, both direct and maternal, accounted for breed composition. Direct and maternal genetic, maternal permanent environmental, and residual effects were the random variables. Only minor differences existed between parameter estimates obtained from the various analyses. Mean direct heritabilities were 0.51, 0.33, 0.48, and 0.37 for weight at birth, weaning, and 365-d, and backfat, respectively, which, though well within the range of published estimates, seemed higher than average, indicating diversity in the founding purebreds. Mean maternal heritabilites were 0.09, 0.13, and 0.08 for the three consecutive weights. A likelihood ratio test showed maternal heritability and(or) the direct-maternal correlation was important (P < 0.001) for 365-d weight. Averaged across weights, the direct-maternal correlation was 0.07, lacking evidence of genetic antagonism. No age of dam or random maternal effects on backfat were apparent. Phenotypic correlations between weight at birth and weaning and weight at weaning and 365-d were 0.46 and 0.76, respectively. Though moderate between birth and weaning weight, maternal genetic and permanent environmental correlations between weaning and 365-d weight approached unity, demonstrating maternal carryover effects. Phenotypic and genetic correlations of 0.19 and -0.13, respectively, implied a limited association between 365-d weight and backfat, which possibly would have been stronger had fat been measured later in life. Estimates of variance components suitable for general use can be obtained from data from multibreed animals by considering breed and heterotic effects. Des covariants représentant les contributions proportionnelles de chacun des quatre groupes de race et les effets hétérotiques moyens, tant directs que maternels, prenaient en compte la composition génétique des animaux. Les effets génétiques directs et maternels, les effets environnementaux permanents maternels et les effets résiduels constituaient les variables aléatoires. Seules des différences minimes apparaissaient entre les valeurs paramétrales obtenues des diverses analyses. Les coefficients d'héritabilité directe moyens étaient, respectivement, de 0,51, 0,33, 0,48 et 0,37 pour le poids à la naissance, au sevrage et à 365 jours et pour l'épaisseur du gras de couverture. Ces chiffres, bien que...

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Section: Maternal Componentsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Estimates of direct and maternal genetic parameters for weight traits and backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle

Tosh

Kemp²,

Ward³

1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…For CE no comparable estimates were found in the literature. These large negative correlations reported in numerous studies (Baker, 1980;Cantet et al, 1988;Meyer, 1992a) between direct and maternal effects, may according to Meyer (1992b), be due to management practices or environmentally induced negative dam-offspring covariances or selective reporting of data (Mallinckrodt et al, 1995) or sire x year interactions (Robinson, 1996) and do not always reflect true adverse genetic relationships between growth and maternal performance. The latter may probably be a reason for the high covariance between direct and maternal effects for CE related to early calving of heifers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-weaning growth traits of the Hereford breed in a multibreed composite beef cattle population

Skrypzeck¹,

Schoeman²,

Jordaan³

et al. 2000

SA J. An. Sci.

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Data from a multibreed composite beef cattle population, managed under intensive irrigated grazing conditions, were used to estimate direct additive heritabilities (h 2 a ), maternal heritabilities (h 2 m ) and maternal permanent environmental effects (c 2 ) for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW) of the calf and cow efficiency of the dam (CE: WW/dam weight 0.75 x 100). Calves born between 1968 and 1993 (n = 52628) had varying levels of Hereford genes, ranging from 0% to 100%, with an average of 19.3%. Direct heritabilities, fitting unitrait models, were 0.72, 0.54 and 0.19 for BW, WW and CE, respectively, with corresponding estimates of maternal heritabilities being 0.14, 0.21 and 0.42. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal effects (r am ) were negative for all three traits, varying from -0.40 to -0.65. Maternal permanent environmental effects were 0.06, 0.12 and 0.11 for BW, WW and CE, respectively. Direct breeding values and maternal breeding values for BW and WW decreased with increasing proportion of Hereford. Direct breeding value for CE increased, while maternal breeding value for CE reached a minimum value at 0.62 proportion of Hereford.

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“…As only one tail of the distribution was included, we suspect that our estimates underestimate the amount of genetic variance in the whole population (e.g. Mallinckrodt et al. 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analyses of pathogen‐specific mastitis

Holmberg

Fikse

Andersson‐Eklund

et al. 2011

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of genetic variation for susceptibility to pathogen-specific mastitis and to examine whether haplotypes of an identified quantitative trait locus with effect on unspecific mastitis resistance had different effects on specific mastitis pathogens. Bacteriological data on mastitis pathogens were obtained from the diagnostic laboratory at the Swedish National Veterinary Institute. The data were mainly from subclinical cases of mastitis but also clinical cases were included. Variance components were estimated for incidence of the six most frequent pathogens using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methodology via Gibbs sampling. Genetic variation for susceptibility to pathogen-specific mastitis was higher compared to estimates of general resistance to clinical mastitis in most other studies. However, because of the non-random nature of data collection, comparisons to other studies should be made by caution. The effect of haplotype on the risk of being infected by a given mastitis pathogen, relative to other pathogens, was studied using an allele substitution model. Although there were no significant haplotype substitution effects on the resistance to any of the six mastitis pathogens, there was a significant difference between the effects of two of the haplotypes regarding the risk of acquiring a Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection.

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The effect of selective reporting on estimates of weaning weight parameters in beef cattle

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Estimates of direct and maternal genetic parameters for weight traits and backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle

Estimates of direct and maternal genetic parameters for weight traits and backfat thickness in a multibreed population of beef cattle

Pre-weaning growth traits of the Hereford breed in a multibreed composite beef cattle population

Genetic analyses of pathogen‐specific mastitis

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