The effect of sample preparation technique on determination of structure and nanomechanical properties of human cementum hard tissue

Ho, Sunita P.; Goodis, Harold E.; Balooch, M.; Nonomura, Grace; Marshall, Sally J.; Marshall, Grayson W.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.047

Cited by 70 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For both ultrasectioned and polished specimens prepared from the apical third of mandibular third molars of human male subjects (donor age: 65-80 years) that had been sterilized using 0.26 Mrad c radiation, E r and H of the cementum tissue were markedly higher when dry specimens were used compared with wet specimens. 30 Depending on the specimen preparation method, the ratio of E for dry specimens to E for wet specimens was between 1.4 and 2.5 and the ratio of H for these specimens was between 2.2 and 3.3. 30 For the enamel of healthy premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes (donor age:12-16 years), differences in various properties (E, H, shear modulus of the protein film, indentation creep, and indentation ''back-creep") were seen between specimens that had been dehydrated in ethanol, E of anterior osteons was higher than for posterior osteons when tested in a direction parallel to the bone's long axis.…”

Section: State Of Hydration Of Test Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Depending on the specimen preparation method, the ratio of E for dry specimens to E for wet specimens was between 1.4 and 2.5 and the ratio of H for these specimens was between 2.2 and 3.3. 30 For the enamel of healthy premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes (donor age:12-16 years), differences in various properties (E, H, shear modulus of the protein film, indentation creep, and indentation ''back-creep") were seen between specimens that had been dehydrated in ethanol, E of anterior osteons was higher than for posterior osteons when tested in a direction parallel to the bone's long axis. In the orthogonal direction, the trend was reversed.…”

Section: State Of Hydration Of Test Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of nanoindentation for characterizing the properties of mineralized hard tissues: State‐of‐the art review

2008

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The use of nanoindentation to determine nanomechanical properties of mineralized tissues has been investigated extensively. A detailed, critical, and comprehensive review of this literature is the subject of the present work. After stating the motivation for the review, a succinct presentation of the challenges, advantages, and disadvantages of the various quasi-static nanoindentation test methods (to obtain elastic modulus, E, and hardness, H) and dynamic test methods (to obtain storage and loss moduli and/or loss/damping factor) is given in the form of a primer. Explicative summaries of literature reports on various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that significantly influence E and H, followed by 15 suggested topics for future research, are included additionally. This review is designed to present a compact guide to the principles of the nanoindentation technique and to emphasize considerations when determining material properties of mineralized tissues.

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Section: State Of Hydration Of Test Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State Of Hydration Of Test Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of nanoindentation for characterizing the properties of mineralized hard tissues: State‐of‐the art review

2008

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“…The specimens for AFM and AFM-based nanoindentation were prepared using an ultrasectioning method which was described previously [13]. Ultrasectioning was used to generate a relatively flat surface to maintain orthogonality between the nano-probes of the AFM and AFM-based nanoindenter and the specimen.…”

Section: Specimen Preparation For Atomic Force Microscopy and Afm-basmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Si 3 N 4 tip attached to a 'V-shaped' type 'D' microlever with a nominal spring constant of 0.06 N/m (DNP, Veeco Probes, Camarillo, CA) at a scanning frequency of 1.5 Hz was used to scan the surfaces of the ultrasectioned block specimens. The nominal radius of curvature of the tip was less than 50 nm [13]. Areas as large as 100 × 100 μm 2 were evaluated using a 'J' type piezo scanner.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy and Afm-based Nanoindentation Of Ultmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tooth attachment mechanism defined by structure, chemical composition and mechanical properties of collagen fibers in the periodontium

et al. 2007

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In this study, a comparison between structure, chemical composition and mechanical properties of collagen fibers at three regions within a human periodontium, has enabled us to define a novel tooth attachment mechanism. The three regions include 1) the enthesis region: insertion site of periodontal ligament fibers (collagen fibers) into cementum at the root surface, 2) bulk cementum and 3) the cementum dentin junction (CDJ). Structurally, continuity in collagen fibers was observed from the enthesis, through bulk cementum and CDJ. At the CDJ the collagen fibers split into individual collagen fibrils and intermingled with the extracellular matrix of mantle dentin. Under wet conditions, the collagen fibers at the three regions exhibited significant swelling suggesting a composition rich in polyanionic molecules such as glycosaminoglycans. Additionally, site-specific indentation illustrated a comparable elastic modulus between collagen fibers at the enthesis (1 -3 GPa) and the CDJ (2 -4 GPa). However, the elastic modulus of collagen fibers within bulk cementum was higher (4 -7 GPa) suggesting presence of extrafibrillar mineral.It is known that the tooth forms a fibrous joint with the alveolar bone which is termed a gomphosis. Although narrower in width than the periodontal ligament space, the hygroscopic CDJ can also be termed as a gomphosis; a fibrous joint between cementum and root dentin capable of accommodating functional loads similar to that between cementum and alveolar bone. From an engineering perspective, it is proposed that a tooth contains two fibrous joints that accommodate the masticatory cyclic loads. These joints are defined by the attachment of dissimilar materials via graded stiffness interfaces, such as; 1) alveolar bone attached to cementum with the PDL and 2) cementum to root dentin with the CDJ. Thus, through variations in concentrations of basic constituents, distinct regions with characteristic structures and graded properties allow for attachment and the load bearing characteristics of a tooth.

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“…Despite morphological differences between cementum, dentin and bone, they are composed mainly of collagen and hydroxiapatite (5). Generally, cementum is least mineralized when compared to the others hard tissues: enamel, dentin and bone (15), and is less hard and more permeable compared with enamel and dentin (6). In Adhesive Dentistry, a rough substrate offers an increased contact surface that means the best micromechanical retention of the system substrate-adhesive (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-structure characterization of self-etching treated cementum surfaces

Aguilera¹,

Osorio²,

Toledano³

et al. 2011

Med Oral

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Objectives: to evaluate the effect of different conditioning treatments on surface roughness and topography of dental cementum. Study Design: Extracted human canines were used for the present study. The mesial surface from the cervical third of the roots were ground flat with wet 600-grit silicon carbide paper. They were polished (up to 1/4 µm diamond paste) and treated as follows: 1) No treatment, 2) 35% H3PO4 during 15 s, 3) Clearfil SE Bond primer (SEB), 4) One-Up Bond F (OUB). The adhesive systems were applied following manufacturer's instructions. SEB primer and OUB were removed from surfaces by washing and ultrasonic agitation with ascending ethanol solutions. Digital images of treated surfaces (5x5 and 15x15 µm) were obtained by means of an atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis. The average surface roughness (Ra nanometers) of the scanned areas was assessed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and SNK multiple comparisons tests (p<0.05). Results: phosphoric acid treatment produced the highest mean roughness value, at all scan sizes. At 5x5 µm AFM images, for self-etch adhesive systems no differences in roughness were detected. At 15x15 µm, when One-Up Bond F was employed the lowest value was obtained. Conclusions: When phosphoric acid treatment was applied, cementum surface roughness increased and a strong demineralization with exposed collagen fibers could be observed.

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The effect of sample preparation technique on determination of structure and nanomechanical properties of human cementum hard tissue

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

The use of nanoindentation for characterizing the properties of mineralized hard tissues: State‐of‐the art review

The use of nanoindentation for characterizing the properties of mineralized hard tissues: State‐of‐the art review

The tooth attachment mechanism defined by structure, chemical composition and mechanical properties of collagen fibers in the periodontium

Ultra-structure characterization of self-etching treated cementum surfaces

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