1982
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9394(82)90471-8
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The Effect of Pregnancy on the Natural Course of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Cited by 160 publications
(103 citation statements)
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“…In the United States 10% of all pregnancies have complications as a result of diabetes mellitus (Vargas et al 2010). Previously the prognosis for pregnancy in women who have diabetes with microvascular disease was so poor that many physicians advised such patients to avoid or even terminate their pregnancies (Moloney and Drury 1982). Numerous articles have documented the acceleration of diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy, the pathogenesis of which still remains unclear The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Group 1993).…”
Section: Pregnancymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the United States 10% of all pregnancies have complications as a result of diabetes mellitus (Vargas et al 2010). Previously the prognosis for pregnancy in women who have diabetes with microvascular disease was so poor that many physicians advised such patients to avoid or even terminate their pregnancies (Moloney and Drury 1982). Numerous articles have documented the acceleration of diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy, the pathogenesis of which still remains unclear The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Group 1993).…”
Section: Pregnancymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Existe ainda uma associação no aumento do risco de perda fetal e outras complicações obstétricas (23)(24)(25) . Estudos de longo período sugerem que a retinopatia não aparenta ser mais grave em pacientes nulíparas que nas multíparas (26)(27) , portanto o nú-mero de partos não eleva o risco de piora da retinopatia (28) , sendo que a retinopatia é menos grave em mulheres com duas ou mais gestações (28) .…”
Section: A -Retinopatia Diabéticaunclassified
“…A progressão da retinopatia durante a gravidez é muito influenciada pela coexistência de hipertensão e pré-eclâmpsia (18,29) , e está diretamente relacionada com a gravidade da retinopatia pré-existente e, ainda, fortemente influenciada pela duração da diabetes antes da concepção (30)(31) . Vários estudos mostram que a piora da retinopatia está associada com o baixo controle glicê-mico antes da concepção e durante a gravidez (23,(25)(26) . De acordo com o estudo de diabetes no início da gestação (19) , 10,3% das mulheres sem retinopatia e 21,1% das mulheres com microaneurismas, porém sem outra retinopatia, apresentam progressão da doença durante ou após a gravidez.…”
Section: A -Retinopatia Diabéticaunclassified
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“…5,6 However, the exact mechanism responsible for progression of diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy is still not entirely clear. Factors thought to be of significance include poor metabolic control, 7 long duration of diabetes, 8,9 severity of retinopathy at baseline, 10 rapid normalisation of glycaemic control, 11,12 hypertension, 4,13 and changes in retinal blood flow. 14 A study by Phelps et al 7 and the Diabetes in Early Pregnancy Study (DIEP) 10 found that patients in whom retinopathy was most likely to progress had both the poorest control at baseline and the largest improvement during early pregnancy.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%