The Effect of Postoperative Electromagnetic Pulsing on Canine Posterior Spinal Fusions

Kahanovitz, Neil; Arnoczky, Steven P.; Hulse, Donald A.; Shires, Peter K.

doi:10.1097/00007632-198404000-00009

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…PEMF has been used successfully to treat fracture nonunions and spine fusions, [28][29][30]48,49 suggesting that MSCs present at these sites are stimulated by electromagnetic fields. However, no reports exist showing that PEMF affects normal tissues, which also contain MSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Schwartz

Simon

Durán

et al. 2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

155

126

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) express an osteoblastic phenotype when treated with BMP-2, and BMP-2 is used clinically to induce bone formation although high doses are required. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) also promote osteogenesis in vivo, in part through direct action on osteoblasts. We tested the hypothesis that PEMF enhances osteogenesis of MSCs in the presence of an inductive stimulus like BMP-2. Confluent cultures of human MSCs were grown on calcium phosphate disks and were treated with osteogenic media (OM), OM containing 40 ng/mL rhBMP-2, OM þ PEMF (8 h/day), or OM þ BMP-2 þ PEMF. MSCs demonstrated minor increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) during 24 days in culture and no change in osteocalcin. OM increased ALP and osteocalcin by day 6, but PEMF had no additional effect at any time. BMP-2 was stimulatory over OM, and PEMF þ BMP-2 synergistically increased ALP and osteocalcin. PEMF also enhanced the effects of BMP-2 on PGE2, latent and active TGF-b1, and osteoprotegerin. Effects of PEMF on BMP-2-treated cells were greatest at days 12 to 20. These results demonstrate that PEMF enhances osteogenic effects of BMP-2 on MSCs cultured on calcium phosphate substrates, suggesting that PEMF will improve MSC response to BMP-2 in vivo in a bone environment. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Schwartz

Simon

Durán

et al. 2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

155

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Augmentation of spinal fusion has been examined using BMPs [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 23, 35, 46], demineralised bone [26] as well as non-invasive techniques of ultrasound [21] or pulsed electromagnetic fields [28,30]. Collectively, these studies and many others support the concept of stimulating or accelerating healing through the application of a single molecule, non-invasive stimulation and more recently gene therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal fusion using an autologous growth factor gel and a porous resorbable ceramic

et al. 2004

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“…A number of spinal fusion studies showed no significant differences between the PEMF-treated groups and the control groups. The first controlled experimental spinal fusion study with PEMF, carried out using a canine posterior spinal fusion model, demonstrated no statistically significant difference in fusion rates between PEMF and unstimulated control groups, despite observations of possible early accelerated healing response [34]. No enhancement of fusion success rates with PEMF was again observed in another canine posterior spinal fusion study, this time, using a different PEMF signal [35].…”

Section: Inductive Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first controlled experimental spinal fusion study with PEMF, carried out using a canine posterior spinal fusion model, demonstrated no statistically significant difference in fusion rates between PEMF and unstimulated control groups, despite observations of possible early accelerated healing response [34]. No enhancement of fusion success rates with PEMF was again observed in another canine posterior spinal fusion study, this time, using a different PEMF signal [35]. In a rabbit posterolateral fusion model, increases in stiffness, area under the load-displacement curve and load to failure of the fusion mass in the stimulated group versus control group were observed [27].…”

Section: Inductive Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical stimulation therapies for spinal fusions: current concepts

Gan

Glazer

2006

Eur Spine J

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Electrical stimulation therapies have been used for more than 30 years to enhance spinal fusions. Although their positive effects on spinal fusions have been widely reported, the mechanisms of action of the technologies were only recently identified. Three types of technologies are available clinically: direct current, capacitive coupling, and inductive coupling. The latter is the basis of pulsed electromagnetic fields and combined magnetic fields. This review summarizes the current concepts on the mechanisms of action, animal and clinical studies, and cost justification for the use of electrical stimulation for spinal fusions. Scientific studies support the validity of electrical stimulation treatments. The mechanisms of action of each of the three electrical stimulation therapies are different. New data demonstrates that the upregulation of several growth factors may be responsible for the clinical success seen with the use of such technologies.

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The Effect of Postoperative Electromagnetic Pulsing on Canine Posterior Spinal Fusions

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Pulsed electromagnetic fields enhance BMP‐2 dependent osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Spinal fusion using an autologous growth factor gel and a porous resorbable ceramic

Electrical stimulation therapies for spinal fusions: current concepts

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