The Effect of Polymer Concentration and Surfactant Types on Nanofiltration-Surfactant Membrane for Textile Wastewater

Abstract

In this study, an asymmetric nanofiltration-surfactant (NFS) membrane was prepared via simple dry/wet phase inversion technique. A newly dope formulation consisting of different surfactants (SDS, CTAB) and polymer concentration (17 wt% -21 wt%) were developed. The effect of these parameters on dyes performance in terms of dyes flux, rejection and morphological structure were examined. Experimental data showed that, at different ranges of polymer concentration, NFS membranes shows low permeation flux of dyes ranging from 9.256 L/m 2 h to 14.315 L/m 2 h at 4 bar operating pressure. Significantly, the addition of SDS and CTAB surfactants were found to promote the increasing of dyes flux and rejection up to 79.698 L/m 2 h and 99.5% respectively. Addition of surfactant shows the membrane surface morphology with upper layer and support layer consists of finger-like structure, finger-like channel, macrovoids and spongy structure.Keywords: nanofiltration, surfactant, flux, rejection, morphological structure Abstrak Dalam kajian ini, membran surfaktan penurasan-nano telah disediakan melalui teknik fasa berbalik kering/basah mudah. Satu formulasi baru polimer yang terdiri daripada surfaktan yang berbeza (SDS,CTAB) dan kepekatan polimer (17 wt% -21 wt%) telah disediakan. Kesan parameter ini terhadap prestasi pewarna dari segi fluks warna, penolakan dan struktur morfologi telah diperiksa. Data ujikaji menunjukkan bahawa, pada jarak yang berbeza kepekatan polimer, keputusan fluks membran NFS menyerap rendah pewarna antara 9.256 L/m 2 h kepada 14.315 L/m 2 h pada 4 bar tekanan operasi. Lebih penting lagi, penambahan SDS dan CTAB sebagai surfaktan didapati menggalakkan peningkatan fluks pewarna dan penolakan sehingga masing -masing adalah 79.698 L/m 2 h dan 99.5%. Penambahan surfaktan menunjukkan morfologi permukaan membran dengan lapisan atas dan lapisan sokongan yang terdiri daripada struktur jejari, saluran jejari, makrovoid dan struktur lembut.Kata kunci: penurasan-nano, surfaktan, fluks, penolakan, struktur morfologi Introduction Nanofiltration (NF) membrane one of the promising technologies which has been largely developed and commercialized for the separation of neutral and charged solutes in the aqueous solutions. NF membranes has two remarkable features which are has molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) between reverse osmosis (RO) membranes

Assessment on Performance-properties of Asymmetric Nanofiltration Membranes from Polyethersulfone/n-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone/water Blends with Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) as Additive

“…Most of the polymeric based asymmetric membranes are prepared by phase inversion process based on immersion precipitation technique [1][2][3][4][5][6]. During phase inversion process, the formation of ultra-thin skin layer, membrane morphology and pore size characteristic was studied based on flat sheet or single layer asymmetric membranes [7].…”

Elucidation on Performance and Structural Properties of Skinned Asymmetric Nanofiltration Membrane Based on Theoretical Models

“…Based on images analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique, different features of membranes pores and sublayer such as finger like, cellular, sponge like, nodular, compact/dense structure and tears like were found to be affected the membranes performances and separation characteristics. A dense and thicker skin layer was created as the polymer concentration in the casting solution increased, producing an asymmetric membrane that was more selective but less effective [55][56][57].…”

Characterization on Performance, Morphologies and Molecular Properties of Dual-Surfactants Based Polyvinylidene Fluoride Ultrafiltration Membranes

“…4 (a)-(c) are the cross-sectional structure of MUF1, MUF2 (SDS/Tween 80) and MUF3 (Triton X-100/Tween 80) membranes, respectively. The typical membranes containing PVDF/PEG 200 are having asymmetric structure, i.e., a dense top surface layer (skin layer), a porous sub-layer (support layer), and a small portion of sponge-like structure [14,34]. Based on the SEM images in Fig.…”