The effect of plant water storage on water fluxes within the coupled soil–plant system

Huang, Chen-Han; Domec, Jean‐Christophe; Ward, Eric J.; Duman, Tomer; Manoli, Gabriele; Parolari, Anthony J.; Katul, Gabriel G.

doi:10.1111/nph.14273

Cited by 93 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Increased contents of water-retaining agent gradually increased the water levels in the substrate material and plant body. This led to a rise in the water content of plant leaves, in accordance with the previous findings [52]. The application of water-retaining agents can reduce soil water evaporation and supply the water needed for plant growth.…”

Section: Water-holding Capacity Of Leavessupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Sun

Wang

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The number of road engineering and construction projects that create rock slopes has been increasing year by year, instigating a series of geologic hazards and ecosystem destruction such as landslides, mudflows, and so on. The ecosystems are thus in an urgent need for recovery and reconstruction. However, ecological restoration processes of rock slopes are more challenging compared to those of clay slopes because rock slopes are highly heterogeneous and do not provide favorable soil conditions for plant growth, especially due to the lack of nutrient accumulation and lower heat and moisture capacity [1]. Thus, rock slopes present complex and varied ecosystems that do not support plant growth.Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 6 (2018), 2821-2832 AbstractWe investigated substrate material and the effects of different fertilizers and water levels as variable factors for slope restoration. A field rainfall monitoring experiment was carried out to explore morphological changes in Amorpha fruticosa L., the water-holding capacity of its leaves under different water and nutrient gradients, and the nutrient losses from the substrate. The results showed that nutrient loss by runoff was significantly affected by fertilizer use and they increased with the increased application of fertilizers. The concentration of nitrogen in runoff was insignificant, the concentration of phosphorus was increased, and the runoff concentration of potassium was decreased after increasing water-retaining agent levels in the substrate. The concentration of nutrients in runoff from rainfall generally followed a trend of slight fluctuations, then a rise, and finally a decrease. The addition of F2 fertilizer produced the lowest nitrogen losses from substrate material and reduced the leaf area where the addition of phosphate fertilizer had a significant effect on crown diameter. At greater content of the water-retaining agent, the water in substrate material increased, resulting in increased water absorption by the plants and increased relative water content of leaves. Ultimately, W3F4 was the most favorable combination of water-retaining agent and fertilizer concentration for plant growth, which may be related to runoff losses. This combination provides optimal conditions under which the plant can maintain a perfect balance of nutrients and thus improve plant growth indices.

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Section: Water-holding Capacity Of Leavessupporting

confidence: 73%

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Sun

Wang

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…We adopted the basic plant parameters from Huang et al (2017) for a loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L. ) (Table S1). We started with synthetic sap flow patterns and volumes extracted from the model runs of Huang et al (2017) for a typical day (day 11 of the 30 days sequence), and assumed no variation between days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, plant transpiration during the course of the day is regulated by atmospheric water demand and leaf stomata which have clear and well known diurnal patterns (Steppe & Lemeur, 2004; Epila et al , 2017). This results in changing water potential gradients within the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum and therefore fluctuations in the depth RWU are also expected (Goldstein et al , 1998; Doussan et al , 2006; Huang et al , 2017). Hence, as we expect plants capacity to take up water at different soil layers to shift during the day, we should also expect diurnal variation in the mixture of water isotopes taken up from various depths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal variation in xylem water isotopic signature biases depth of root-water uptake estimates

Deurwaerder

Visser

Detto

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Total word count (ex. summary, references and legends): 6 932 words 25 of which: Summary (198 words); Introduction (698 words); Material and Methods (2 922 words); Results (1 138 words); Discussion (1 556 words) Conclusion (222 words); Acknowledgement (128 words) Number of color figures: 7 figures 30 Number of Tables: 2 tables Supplementary information: 7 (color Fig S1-S5 + Table S1-S2) 2 Summary  Stable water isotopes are a powerful and widely used tool to derive the depth of root water uptake (RWU) in lignified plants. Uniform xylem water isotopic signature (i-35 H2O-xyl) along the length of a lignified plant is a central assumption, which has never been properly evaluated. Here we studied the effects of diurnal variation in RWU, sap flow velocity and various other soil and plant parameters on i-H2O-xyl signature within a plant using a mechanistic plant hydraulic model. 40  Our model predicts significant variation in i-H2O-xyl along the full length of an individual plant arising from diurnal RWU fluctuations and vertical soil water heterogeneity. Moreover, significant differences in i-H2O-xyl emerge between individuals with different sap flow velocities. We corroborated our model predictions with field observations from French Guiana and northwestern China. Modelled i-H2O-45 xyl varied considerably along stem length ranging up to 18.3‰ in δ 2 H and 2.2‰ in δ 18 O, largely exceeding the range of measurement error.  Our results show clear violation of the fundamental assumption of uniform i-H2O-xyland occurrence of significant biases when using stable isotopes to assess RWU. As a solution, we propose to include monitoring of sap flow and soil water potential for 50 more robust RWU depth estimates.

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“…Though this approach has been effective for simulating how drought affects tropical forests at large scales [45], it is incapable of simulating the role of biomass water storage capacity and dynamic changes to capacitance; which have been shown to be equally if not more critical in other ecosystems [41,52]. A more sophisticated set of models tackles this problem by modeling dynamic changes in xylem capacitance as a function of xylem water potential by assuming a relationship between the amount of water stored in the plant and the water potential [42,53].…”

Section: Hydraulic Strategies and The Emergence Of Plant Hydrodynamicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Hydraulic Trait Covariation: A Global Meta-Analysis to Reduce Degrees of Freedom in Trait-Based Hydrologic Models

Mursinna

McCormick

Horn

et al. 2018

Forests

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Current vegetation modeling strategies use broad categorizations of plants to estimate transpiration and biomass functions. A significant source of model error stems from vegetation categorizations that are mostly taxonomical with no basis in plant hydraulic strategy and response to changing environmental conditions. Here, we compile hydraulic traits from 355 species around the world to determine trait covariations in order to represent hydraulic strategies. Simple and stepwise regression analyses demonstrate the interconnectedness of multiple vegetative hydraulic traits, specifically, traits defining hydraulic conductivity and vulnerability to embolism with wood density and isohydricity. Drought sensitivity is strongly (Adjusted R 2 = 0.52, p < 0.02) predicted by a stepwise linear model combining rooting depth, wood density, and isohydricity. Drought tolerance increased with increasing wood density and anisohydric response, but with decreasing rooting depth. The unexpected response to rooting depth may be due to other tradeoffs within the hydraulic system. Rooting depth was able to be predicted from sapwood specific conductivity and the water potential at 50% loss of conductivity. Interestingly, the influences of biome or growth form do not increase the accuracy of the drought tolerance model and were able to be omitted. Multiple regression analysis revealed 3D trait spaces and tradeoff axes along which species' hydraulic strategies can be analyzed. These numerical trait spaces can reduce the necessary input to and parameterization of plant hydraulics modules, while increasing the physical representativeness of such simulations.

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The effect of plant water storage on water fluxes within the coupled soil–plant system

Cited by 93 publications

References 83 publications

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Effects of Substrate Material on Plant Growth and Nutrient Loss

Diurnal variation in xylem water isotopic signature biases depth of root-water uptake estimates

Plant Hydraulic Trait Covariation: A Global Meta-Analysis to Reduce Degrees of Freedom in Trait-Based Hydrologic Models

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