The effect of physical activity interventions on executive functions in children with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Welsch, Livia; Alliott, Olivia; Kelly, Paul; Fawkner, Samantha; Booth, Josephine N.; Niven, Ailsa

doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100379

Cited by 44 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Quelle: DVGS e.V. gungspausen bereits in diesem Alter die Aufmerksamkeit [4], ein Effekt, der auch in der Jugend [5] und sogar bei Kindern mit Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit und Hyperaktivitätssyndrom wirksam wird [6]. Auch querschnittlich schneiden Kinder, die bereits im Kindergartenalter sportlich involviert sind, besser in verschiedenen kognitive Aufgaben ab [7].…”

Section: Institutunclassified

Strukturqualität von ambulanten und stationären medizinischen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen: Strukturmerkmale der personellen Anforderungen für den Bereich Sport-/Bewegungstherapie

Baldus

Köppel

Peters

2022

B&G Bewegungstherapie und Gesundheitssport

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Section: Institutunclassified

Strukturqualität von ambulanten und stationären medizinischen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen: Strukturmerkmale der personellen Anforderungen für den Bereich Sport-/Bewegungstherapie

Baldus

Köppel

Peters

2022

B&G Bewegungstherapie und Gesundheitssport

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“…First, the effect of PA on cognition is related to the intensity and duration of PA. Significant dose effects have been found, which suggest longer duration and greater intensity can bring better EF improvement ( Aadland et al, 2017 ; Egger et al, 2019 ; Hsieh et al, 2020 ; Welsch et al, 2021 ). However, the association between PA and EF is inconsistent in preschoolers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Group-Play Moderate to Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity Intervention on Executive Function and Motor Skills in 4- to 5-Year-Old Preschoolers: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2022

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The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of group-play intervention on executive function (EF) in preschoolers. This group-play intervention was integrated as moderate to vigorous physical activity and cognitively loaded exercise to promote EF in preschoolers. An 8-week group-play MVPA intervention program, consisting of a series of outdoor physical and cognitively loaded games, was designed to improve preschoolers’ EF. This intervention program was implemented in group-play form, and conducted by teachers who received standardized training before the intervention. Two classes of second grade preschoolers (N = 62) were randomly allocated to experimental (n = 30, Mage = 4.16, SD = 0.29) and control (n = 32, Mage = 4.7, SD = 0.43) groups. The intervention group received the intervention three times a week, while the control group exercised as usual in preschool. Before, in the middle of, and after the intervention, 10-m running, standing broad jump, throwing, body flexion, balance beam, and skip jump were assessed as tests of motor skills. In addition, three components of EF were measured separately before, in the middle of, and after the intervention: inhibitory control was assessed by using the silly sound Stroop task, working memory was tested using the empty house task, and shifting was assessed using the dimensional change card sorting task. Although both groups showed an increasing trend in terms of motor skills and EF during the intervention, the increasing amounts of the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. The findings of the present study suggested that group-play intervention has positive effects on aspects of EF in addition to motor skills in preschoolers.

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“…If children with ADHD do not receive effective and timely intervention, at least 60–70% will carry symptoms and psychosocial problems into adulthood (Wilens and Spencer, 2010 ; Groß et al, 2015 ; Banaschewski et al, 2017 ). Given that established treatments for ADHD (i.e., behavior therapy and/or medication) cannot address the whole range of problems, alternative and/or supplementary interventions should be looked for (Rommel et al, 2015 ; Vysniauske et al, 2020 ; Welsch et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reviews and meta-analyses typically face some limitations, such as a small number of studies (Biddle et al, 2019 ; Schuch et al, 2019 ; Andermo et al, 2020 ; Lambez et al, 2020 ; Carter et al, 2021 ; Liang et al, 2021 ), differences in methodologies (Lambez et al, 2020 ; Vysniauske et al, 2020 ; Dhir et al, 2021 ; Seiffer et al, 2021 ), differences between studies in assessing PA and mental health outcomes (Biddle et al, 2019 ; Andermo et al, 2020 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Ruhland and Lange, 2021 ; Welsch et al, 2021 ), studies with low or moderate quality and high risk of bias (Rodriguez-Ayllon et al, 2019 ; Vysniauske et al, 2020 ; Carter et al, 2021 ; Dhir et al, 2021 ; Seiffer et al, 2021 ; Welsch et al, 2021 ), and non-representative samples (Biddle et al, 2019 ; Rodriguez-Ayllon et al, 2019 ; Vysniauske et al, 2020 ; Bourke et al, 2021 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Welsch et al, 2021 ). Individual studies have small and non-representative samples (Ahn et al, 2018 ; Bowe et al, 2021 ; Mercurio et al, 2021 ), low quality, no long-term follow-ups, and inadequate consideration of real-world implementation factors for intervention studies (Parker et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and the development of general mental health problems or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children and adolescents: A cross-lagged panel analysis of long-term follow-up epidemiological data

Ganjeh

Hagmayer

Meyer

et al. 2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Studies have shown that physical activity (PA) can provide a helpful, low-risk, and cost-effective intervention for children and adolescents suffering from mental health problems. This longitudinal study aimed to assess whether PA prevents the development of mental health problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. Data were analyzed from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) collected from more than 15.000 children and adolescents at three different time points over a period of more than 10 years. Parents scored the PA of the study participants on three frequency levels according to WHO recommendations, and mental health problems were assessed by means of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The total problem score (SDQ-Total) and the hyperactivity/inattention symptoms sub-scale (SDQ-H/I) were used in an autoregressive cross-lagged model to examine their relationship with PA. The results showed that PA of boys and girls at preschool age was inversely associated with the occurrence of mental health problems and, in particular, ADHD symptoms about 6 years later. Higher levels of PA were associated with better general mental health and fewer ADHD symptoms at the next time point (Wave 1). These effects were not observed from preadolescence (Wave 1) to adolescence (Wave 2), neither for girls nor for boys. These findings indicate that medium-to-high PA may be a supportive factor for good mental health in children in preschool and elementary school. Future studies will have to show whether PA may be a helpful add-on for interventional programs for improving general mental health and alleviating ADHD symptoms among children and adolescents.

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The effect of physical activity interventions on executive functions in children with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Strukturqualität von ambulanten und stationären medizinischen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen: Strukturmerkmale der personellen Anforderungen für den Bereich Sport-/Bewegungstherapie

Strukturqualität von ambulanten und stationären medizinischen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen: Strukturmerkmale der personellen Anforderungen für den Bereich Sport-/Bewegungstherapie

Effects of Group-Play Moderate to Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity Intervention on Executive Function and Motor Skills in 4- to 5-Year-Old Preschoolers: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Physical activity and the development of general mental health problems or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children and adolescents: A cross-lagged panel analysis of long-term follow-up epidemiological data

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