The effect of photodynamic therapy on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans attached to surface-modified titanium

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using erythrosine and a green light emitting diode (LED) light source on biofilms of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans attached to resorbable blasted media (RBM) and sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces in vitro.MethodsRBM and SLA disks were subdivided into four groups, including one control group and three test groups (referred to as E0, E30, E60), in order to evaluate the effect of PDT on each surface. The E0 group was put into 500 µL of 20 µM erythrosine for 60 seconds without irradiation, the E30 group was put into erythrosine for 60 seconds and was then irradiated with a LED for 30 seconds, and the E60 group was put into erythrosine for 60 seconds and then irradiated with a LED for 60 seconds. After PDT, sonication was performed in order to detach the bacteria, the plates were incubated under anaerobic conditions on brucella blood agar plates for 72 hours at 37℃, and the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was determined.ResultsSignificant differences were found between the control group and the E30 and E60 groups (P<0.05). A significantly lower quantity of CFU/mL was found in the E30 and E60 groups on both titanium disk surfaces. In confocal scanning laser microscopy images, increased bacterial death was observed when disks were irradiated for a longer period of time.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that PDT using erythrosine and a green LED is effective in reducing the viability of A. actinomycetemcomitans attached to surface-modified titanium in vitro.Graphical Abstract

Biological Effects of Light-Emitting Diodes Curing Unit on MDPC-23 Cells and Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated MDPC-23 Cells

“…IB degradation occurs following stimulation with LPS, and the released NF-B enters the nucleus and acts as a transcription factor resulting in increased expression of proinflammatory genes 18,21) . These results are also related to the outcome of a continuous process of heat generation and reaction through the photoreceptor 22,23) . The production of heat has a negative effect on living cells, tissues and their regeneration process 24,25) , light absorption through flavins and cytochromes induces production of ROS in the cell, disturbing the function of DNA 26) , mitosis of cells 27) , and mitochondria 10) .…”

“…The report of on the non-invasive photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows that irradiation with low-energy light source has a dramatic effect on inflammation relief and wound healing, and is available for treatment 23) .…”

“…Although the advent PDT was for the treatment of cancer, PDT has also found applications in wound healing 22,23) , venous leg ulcers 31) , pain relief 32) , rheumatoid arthritis 33) , skin diseases, skin cancer 14) and periodontal diseases 23) . In particular, low-level light energy lasers in PDT have been reported to inhibit inflammation by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF- besides increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as SLPI 18) .…”

Hierarchical micro/nanostructured titanium with balanced actions to bacterial and mammalian cells for dental implants

“…4,5 However, constant risks of implant-related infection have become the biggest problem for SLA-treated titanium due to its high susceptibility to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. 10,11 Ag NPs have promising antibacterial activity but the small size and high mobility raise safety concerns due to their potential cytotoxicity. 26 In this study, size tunable Ag NPs were fabricated and incorporated onto SLA surfaces by manipulating the ASH effect of Ag-PIII.…”

Effect of photodynamic therapy adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients: A randomized clinical trial

“…Many studies adopted Aa as a reliable marker for predicting treatment outcomes in addition to clinical parameters . PDT is regarded as a broad anti‐bacterial therapy and has shown efficacy against Aa when studied in vitro …”