The Effect of pH on the Risk of Calcium Oxalate
Crystallization in Urine

Berg, C.; Tiselius, Hans-Göring

doi:10.1159/000472578

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…pH value was adjusted to 5.7. A pH of 5.7 was selected because it is a pH value frequently observed in the first morning urines of calcium stone formers [5]. A volume of 1 ml of the calcium chloride solution was transferred into a 10-mm light-path cuvette in a cell holder maintained at 37°C by a constant temperature circulating bath.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of lemon and orange juices on calcium oxalate crystallization

2007

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To investigate the inhibitory effect of lemon and orange juices on the growth of struvite crystals. Struvite crystals were grown by the single diffusion gel growth technique and the inhibitory effect of lemon and orange juices on the growth of struvitecrystals has been studied. With an increase in the concentration of lemon and orange juices, the weight of the formed crystals was gradually reduced from 2.49 g to 0.09 g (lemon juice) and 2.49 g to 0.21 g (orange juice) for the struvite crystals, respectively. The crystals harvested from the treated lemon and orange juices were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the functional groups. Results obtained indicated that lemon juice has the potential to inhibit the formation of struvitecrystals as compared to orange juice. This study confirms that using lemon juice can promote the formation of ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydratecrystals and reduce the nucleation rate of struvitecrystals, a major component of urinary stone.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of lemon and orange juices on calcium oxalate crystallization

2007

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“…Thus, the final concentrations in the test were respectively 3.0 • 10 3 M and 0.5 • 10 .3 M for calcium and oxalate with a CaOx product of 1.5 • 10 6 mo121-2 and a relative supersaturation [10] of 6.17. These concentrations were chosen because they are close to physiological urinary concentrations; a pH of 5.5 was selected because it is a pH value frequently observed in the first morning urines of calcium stone-formers [2].…”

Section: Formation Of Calcium Oxalatementioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to studying inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth

et al. 1993

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The nucleation and crystal growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) were studied at pH 5.5 using turbidimetric measurements at 620 nm of suspensions produced by mixing calcium chloride and sodium oxalate (initial conditions: Ca, 3 x 10(-3) M; Ox, 0.5 x 10(-3) M). CaOx crystallization kinetics were defined first by the induction time ti and then by the slope of turbidity as a function of time during the interval corresponding to a correlation coefficient r2 > 0.99. The technique described requires only a small amount of material, is quick, convenient, and can be used to study inhibitors of CaOx crystallization by comparing ti and the rate of crystal growth in the presence and absence of inhibitors. The effects on CaOx crystal growth of several low molecular weight compounds, i.e. di- and tricarboxylic acids, were examined. The majority of these compounds were inhibitors of crystal growth, the greatest effect being seen with citric acid (50% inhibition in the presence of 1.5 x 10(-3) M citric acid), isocitric acid (50% inhibition in the presence of 0.75 x 10(-3) M isocitric acid) and pyrophosphate (30% inhibition in presence of 0.15 x 10(-3) M pyrophosphate). The inhibitors' behaviour regarding the medium was studied without any assumptions about their possible mechanisms of action. Measurements of ionized calcium before and after the reaction, as well as the observation of crystals by scanning electron microscopy, allowed us to formulate the hypothesis that the effect of citric acid and tartaric acid can be attributed mainly to ion pairing, in contrast to that of pyrophosphate and the other carboxylic acids.

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“…It is well-known that urinary pH is of great importance for crystallization of both calcium oxalate (CaOx) and CaP (Robertson et al, 1978;Tiselius, 1981Tiselius, , 1983Berg and Tiselius, 1986;Hallson and Rose, 1989a, b;Grases et al, 1993). Most of these conclusions were based on experiments carried out in whole urine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pH changes on the crystallization of calcium salts in solutions with an ion composition corresponding to that in the distal tubule

Højgaard

Fornander

Nilsson

et al. 1999

Urological Research

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The effect of pH changes on the crystallization in solutions with an ion-composition assumed to correspond to that of urine in the distal part of the distal tubule was examined by recording the number and volume of crystals with a Coulter Multisizer and by studying the crystal morphology by scanning electron microscopy at different degrees of volume reduction. The experiments were carried out with 100 ml samples at different starting pH without and with 20% of dialyzed urine (dU).The number of crystals increased in response to volume reduction. In solutions without dU, 100 or more crystals with diameters in between 2.4 and 45 µm were observed already at a volume reduction of 40% when the initial pH was 7.28. For solutions with pH of 5.80 and 6.45, the corresponding values were 60% and 80%, respectively. In the presence of dU, an appearance of crystals was recorded at volume reductions of less than 20%. In solutions with an initial pH of 5.80 and 6.45, the crystal number was greater with dU than without; such a difference was not recorded at pH 7.28.In samples containing dU, the mean crystal volume (MCV) varied very little when the sample volume was reduced. The same was found in solutions without dU when the initial pH was 5.80 and 7.28; the MCV was greater in the samples with pH 6.45.Scanning electron microscopy of solutions reduced to 30-40% of the original volume showed that calcium phosphate had formed in solutions with a starting pH of 7.28 and 6.45. In solutions with pH 5.80, calcium oxalate crystals were observed with calcium phosphate.

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The Effect of pH on the Risk of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Urine

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

In vitro effect of lemon and orange juices on calcium oxalate crystallization

In vitro effect of lemon and orange juices on calcium oxalate crystallization

A new approach to studying inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth

The effect of pH changes on the crystallization of calcium salts in solutions with an ion composition corresponding to that in the distal tubule

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