The effect of oxygenated fuel properties on diesel spray combustion and soot formation

Park, Wonah; Park, Seung-Hyun; Reitz, Rolf D.; Kurtz, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.02.026

Cited by 92 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, its combustion is almost soot free, even at stoichiometric air/fuel conditions. 10 This enables a drastic reduction of nitrous oxides (NO X ) emissions, as significantly increased exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates are possible without disadvantages in soot emissions. Nonetheless, most of the previous studies only investigated the use of DME in conventional Diesel engines, which were not or only to a minor degree modified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Zubel

Ottenwälder

Heuser

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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Dimethyl ether is a gaseous fuel which can easily be liquefied under moderate pressures. Its high reactivity makes it suitable for combustion in a compression ignition engine, and due to the high oxygen content, its combustion is virtually free of soot. The high oxygen content and low density of dimethyl ether lead to a lower volumetric heating value compared to Diesel fuel. Therefore, the hydraulic flow rates of the injectors have to be increased with larger nozzle holes. The influence of larger nozzle holes on the dimethyl ether spray formation and ignition are presented in this article. Experimental investigations were conducted at a constant-pressure vessel with optical access and with a single-cylinder research engine. Subsequently, a numerical optimization of the piston bowl and injector nozzle has been carried out. A very fast air/fuel mixture formation with dimethyl ether was observed, which leads to a lean combustion with small nozzle diameters. With increasing nozzle diameters, the combustion moves toward stoichiometric conditions and with very large diameters to rich combustion conditions. The ignition delay for small diameters is mostly dominated by the lean mixture, and for large diameters, the ignition delay is strongly influenced by cooling effects. For the optimization, the oxidation potential number was maximized, which proved suitable to simultaneously increase efficiency and reduce emissions. A conventional ω-shaped bowl and a step bowl have been optimized, and large bowl diameters were found to be beneficial for dimethyl ether combustion. Furthermore, nozzle diameters around 150 µm showed the most promising results. Compared to the dimethyl ether reference, the simulations with the optimized ω-shaped bowl showed a power increase of 2.7%. Experimentally, the optimized ω-shaped bowl in combination with the reference injector showed an efficiency increase by more than 1% at 2000 r/min full load compared to the dimethyl ether reference.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Zubel

Ottenwälder

Heuser

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Also, multi-zone models have been used for examining the influence of diesel/biofuel blending ratio and molecular structure on CI engine performance and emissions [20]. Finally, comprehensive CFD models have been used for assessing the impact of oxygenated fuel properties on diesel spray combustion and soot formation [21]. The influence of fuels chemical composition and properties on CI engine transient operational and environmental performance has been examined in the past using detailed simulations models [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of DI Diesel Engine Operational and Environmental Behavior Using Blends of City Diesel with Glycol Ethers and RME

et al. 2019

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An experimental investigation is performed in a single-cylinder direct-injection (DI) diesel engine using city diesel oil called DI1 and two blends of DI1 with a mixture of glycol ethers. The addition of glycol ethers to fuel DI1 produced oxygenated fuels GLY10 (10.2 mass-% glycol ethers) and GLY30 (31.3 mass-% glycol ethers) with 3% and 9% oxygen content, respectively. The addition of biofuel rapeseed methyl ester (RME) to fuel DI1 produced oxygenated blend RME30 (31.2 mass-% RME) with 3% oxygen content. Engine tests were performed with the four fuels in the DI diesel engine at 2500 RPM and at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of full load. The experimental diesel engine was equipped with devices for recording cylinder pressure, injection pressure, and top dead center (TDC) position and also it was equipped with exhaust gas analyzers for measuring soot, NO, CO, and HC emissions. A MATLAB 2014 code was developed for analyzing recorded cylinder pressure, injection pressure, and TDC position data for all obtained engine cycles and for calculating the main engine performance parameters. The assessment of the experimental results showed that glycol ethers have more beneficial impact on soot and NO emissions compared to RME, whereas RME have less detrimental impact on engine performance parameters compared to glycol ethers.

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“…3 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have also been used to study the chemical mechanism of DME, and the results showed that because DME molecules have oxygen atoms and there is no direct connection of C-C bonds, it can achieve smokeless combustion. 4 Based on its lower emissions, the researches of DME were mainly focused on the alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Ji et al 5 added DME to the spark-ignited ethanol engine and the results showed that the thermal efficiency increased and the flame development and propagation durations were shortened with the increase of DME fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liftoff behaviors and flame structure of dimethyl ether jet flame in CH₄/air vitiated coflow

Zhang

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A:

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the flame structure and liftoff behaviors of a dimethyl ether central jet in CH4/air vitiated coflow in a coflow burner. The liftoff behaviors of dimethyl ether jet flames in the air flow were studied firstly. The flame stability of the burner was analyzed by measuring the flow field temperature with thermocouples. By changing the coflow rate and CH4 equivalence ratio, the liftoff behaviors of dimethyl ether jet flames under different vitiated coflow environments were discussed. The jet flame structure was also analyzed qualitatively by high-speed photography.

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The effect of oxygenated fuel properties on diesel spray combustion and soot formation

Cited by 92 publications

References 28 publications

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Experimental Study of DI Diesel Engine Operational and Environmental Behavior Using Blends of City Diesel with Glycol Ethers and RME

Liftoff behaviors and flame structure of dimethyl ether jet flame in CH₄/air vitiated coflow

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The effect of oxygenated fuel properties on diesel spray combustion and soot formation

Cited by 92 publications

References 28 publications

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Combustion system optimization for dimethyl ether using a genetic algorithm

Experimental Study of DI Diesel Engine Operational and Environmental Behavior Using Blends of City Diesel with Glycol Ethers and RME

Liftoff behaviors and flame structure of dimethyl ether jet flame in CH4/air vitiated coflow

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Liftoff behaviors and flame structure of dimethyl ether jet flame in CH₄/air vitiated coflow