The Effect of Oral Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Running Velocity

Redondo, D.; Williams, Melvin H.; Dowling, E.; Graham, Bronwyn M.; Jones, Shannon; Almada, Anthony L.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199505001-00819

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…This phenomenon may be explained by the facilitating eect of catecholamines on CrH 2 O uptake (Odoom et al 1996). On the other hand, prolonged submaximal exercise (60%±70% maximal oxygen uptake) has been shown to decrease PCr content (Broberg and Sahlin 1989;Norman et al 1987) and is supposed to reduce CrH 2 O uptake during the recovery period (Redondo et al 1996). This last phenomenon is probably due to an exercise-induced blunting of insulin release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ergogenic eect, generally reported in untrained subjects, has not always been found in highly trained or elite subjects (Burke et al 1996;Mujika et al 1996;Redondo et al 1996). This topic remains controversial since recent studies have pointed out that top-level athletes also bene®t from taking CrH 2 O (McNaughton et al 1998;Peyrebrune et al 1998;Vandebuerie et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Effects of oral creatine supplementation on maximal pedalling performance in older adults

Wiroth¹,

Bermon²,

Andrei³

et al. 2001

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of giving short-term doses of creatine by mouth to healthy older male subjects, taking into account their training status. A group of 42 volunteers was divided into three: a sedentary group composed of elderly sedentary men [n = 14, mean age 70.1 (SEM 1.2) years], a trained group composed of elderly trained cyclists [n = 14, mean age 66.4 (SEM 1.4) years] and a young group composed of young sedentary men [n = 14, mean age 26.0 (SEM 1.2) years]. In each group, double-blind randomization was carried out: one half was given creatine (3x5 g x day(-1)), and the other was given an iso-nitrogenated placebo (3x10 g x day(-1)). Before and after the 5 days during which the supplements were given, all subjects performed five all-out 10-s sprints separated by 60-s intervals of passive recovery, seated on a cycle ergometer. Power output, work done and heart rate data were recorded during each sprint. The elderly and the young sedentary subgroups given creatine showed significant (P < 0.05) improvements in maximal power (+3.7% and +2.0%, respectively) and work done (+4.1% and +5.1%, respectively) in the subsequent tests. In contrast, no significant change in pedalling performances was observed in the trained elderly subjects. The creatine did not change the exercise and recovery heart rate profiles, in any group. Our study suggested that creatine given by mouth increases the anaerobic power and work capacity of sedentary people of different ages during maximal pedalling tasks. However, the level of physical activity seems to be a determinant of the ergogenic effect of creatine in older subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of oral creatine supplementation on maximal pedalling performance in older adults

Wiroth¹,

Bermon²,

Andrei³

et al. 2001

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Muscle wasting can lead to immobility, increased risk of falls, and disease, but maintaining a high level of physical activity may reduce such risks (Fiatarone and Evans 1993). Since Harris et al (1992) demonstrated elevated creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine muscle levels following oral Cr monohydrate supplementation (%20 g á day A1 for 5 days), many, but not all (Barnett et al 1996;Redondo et al 1996;Terrillion et al 1997; Thompson et al 1996) investigators have shown that in young subjects, Cr has positive eects on muscle mass (Balsom et al 1993;Earnest et al 1995;Greenha et al 1994a;Vandenberghe et al 1997), strength (Earnest et al 1995;Vandenberghe et al 1997), and performance of high-intensity exercise (Casey et al 1996;Earnest et al 1995;Greenha et al 1993b;Jacobs et al 1997;Rossiter et al 1996). Only two investigations have examined the potential bene®ts of Cr supplementation in a healthy elderly population (Bermon et al 1998;Rawson et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men

1999

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In this investigation we evaluated the effects of oral creatine (Cr) supplementation on body composition, strength of the elbow flexors, and fatigue of the knee extensors in 20 males aged 60-82 years who were randomly administered Cr or placebo (P) in a double-blind fashion. Subjects ingested either 20 g of Cr or P for 10 days, followed by either 4 g of Cr or P, respectively, for 20 days. Tests were conducted pre-supplementation and following 10 and 30 days of supplementation. Leg fatigue was determined using an isokinetic dynamometer; subjects performed 5 sets of 30 maximal voluntary contractions at 180 degrees x s(-1), with 1 min of recovery between sets. The strength of the elbow flexors was assessed using a modified preacher bench attached to a strain gauge. There was a significant interaction (P < 0.05; group x time) in leg fatigue following supplementation. However, this interaction appears to have resulted from a combination of the improved fatigue score by the Cr-supplemented group and the decreased fatigue score by the P-supplemented group, because when the simple main effects were analyzed for the groups individually, there was no significant difference over time for either of the groups. There were no significant differences in body mass, body density, or fat-free mass as assessed by hydrostatic weighing, or strength between the Cr-supplemented or P-supplemented groups. These data suggest that 30 days of Cr-supplementation may have a beneficial effect on reducing muscle fatigue in men over the age of 60 years, but it does not affect body composition or strength.

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“…Further, the improvement in performance for all durations of activity generally occurred under laboratory conditions utilizing specific exercise tests that would not necessarily mimic conditions during competition in the field. Of the four field studies [2][3][4][5] evaluating the ergogenic effect of creatine supplementation on short exercise bouts (sprinting, swimming) lasting 30 seconds or less, all four studies failed to demonstrate improved performance. Of the five field studies [3,4,6 -8] involving activities (swimming, running) lasting between 30 and 150 seconds, only a single study [8] indicated improved performance with creatine supplementation.…”

Section: Does Creatine Supplementation Enhance Athletic Performance?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Creatine Supplementation Enhance Athletic Performance?

Cordain

1998

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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The Effect of Oral Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Running Velocity

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of oral creatine supplementation on maximal pedalling performance in older adults

Effects of oral creatine supplementation on maximal pedalling performance in older adults

Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men

Does Creatine Supplementation Enhance Athletic Performance?

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