The Effect of Oral Consumption of Probiotics in Prevention of Heart Injury in a Rat Myocardial Infarction Model: a Histopathological, Hemodynamic and Biochemical Evaluation

Abstract

Background:Despite the emerging evidence on beneficial effects of probiotics on the cardiovascular system, their impact on the management of ischemic heart diseases and the possible mechanism(s) have not been elucidated.Methods:Four viable probiotics bacterial strains, including Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus, at the concentrations of 2×106 colony-forming units/ml, were orally administered to the rats daily for 14 days before the induction of infarct-like myocardial injury using isoproterenol. Subsequently, 24 h after myocardial injury, the right carotid artery and the left ventricle were catheterized for recording blood pressure and cardiac parameters. At the end of the experiment, the heart was removed for the evaluation of histopathological and biochemical parameters, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) assay.Results:The induction of acute myocardial injury resulted in significant (P≤0.01) left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, as shown by an increase in LV end-diastolic pressure and a decrease in LV dp/dt max, LV dp/dt min, LV systolic pressure, and blood pressure, as compared with normal rats. Pretreatment with viable probiotics significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and TNF-α level and improved cardiac function (P<0.01).Conclusion:This study shows that viable probiotics have a cardioprotective effect on infarct-like myocardial injury through suppressing TNF-α and oxidative stress damage in a rat model. Probiotic supplements may be used as a new option for prophylaxis in patients at the risk of ischemic heart disease in future.

Characterization of the bacterial microbiota composition and evolution at different intestinal tract in wild pigs (Sus scrofa ussuricus)

“…Bifidobacterium have, for example, been shown to help prevent rotavirus enteritis (Rigo-Adrover et al, 2017) and necrotizing enterocolitis in premature rats (Satoh et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2013), and to bolster immune function and inflammation in weaning rats with colitis (Izumi et al, 2015). Additional research has further found that Bifidobacterium can help prevent cardiac damage (Sadeghzadeh et al, 2017) and can influence the development of metabolic syndrome (Bordoni et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2017;Plaza-Díaz et al, 2017a;Plaza-Díaz et al, 2017b;Plaza-Diaz et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2018). Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacterial genera, including Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum, have been found to provide beneficial effects to hosts through these SCFAs, reducing inflammation and promoting colonic health.…”

Overview of Bile Acids Signaling and Perspective on the Signal of Ursodeoxycholic Acid, the Most Hydrophilic Bile Acid, in the Heart

“…This gut microbiota ratio is also used to indicate gut health in humans [116,117]. Nowadays, probiotic supplements have been shown as a beneficial prophylaxis to lower the risk of CVDs, such as ischemic heart disease [118], post infarction myocardial hypertrophy failure [119], and chronic systolic heart failure [120]. Although not much attention has been given to the potential of UDCA in lowering the risk of CVDs, it is worthy of future studies in order to understand the effects of UDCA on the probiotic profile of CVD models and patients.…”

Clinical Trials of Probiotic Strains in Selected Disease Entities

“…Inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production and reduction of oxidative stress have also been exhibited by B. breve, L. casei, L. bulgaricus, and L. acidophilus. erefore, probiotic supplements may find use as an additional prophylactic option in patients at risk of coronary heart disease [28,29]. High cholesterol, especially the LDL fraction, is a major precursor of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and coronary heart disease and also causes plaque buildup in the arteries.…”