“…Accordingly, teachers' reports of their motivation were more closely related to their self-rated practices than to student-rated practices, whereas students' motivation was more closely associated with their perceptions of instructional practices than with teacherrated practices. It follows that the perspective of an outside observer on teachers' instructional behavior (e.g., Lerkkanen et al, 2012;Mashburn, Meyer, Allen, & Pianta, 2014) might be helpful in order to get a less biased account of the relations among teacher motivation, instructional practices, and student motivation. In addition, the use of observational methods would potentially contribute to a better understanding of the nature of teacher and student reports of instruction and their discrepancy (Kunter & Baumert, 2006).…”