The effect of nutritional support on outcome from severe head injury

Young, Byron; Ott, Linda; Twyman, Diana; Norton, Jane A.; Rapp, Robert P.; Tibbs, Phillip A.; Haack, Dennis; Brivins, Brack; Dempsey, Robert J.

doi:10.3171/jns.1987.67.5.0668

Cited by 218 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These studies included eleven RCTs concerning mortality rates295, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 and seven RCTs concerning infection frequency 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 305…”

Section: Cq13: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016)

Nishida

Ogura

Egi

et al. 2018

Acute Medicine & Surgery

157

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Background and PurposeThe Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016), a Japanese‐specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in February 2017 in Japanese. An English‐language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese‐language version.MethodsMembers of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine were selected and organized into 19 committee members and 52 working group members. The guidelines were prepared in accordance with the Medical Information Network Distribution Service (Minds) creation procedures. The Academic Guidelines Promotion Team was organized to oversee and provide academic support to the respective activities allocated to each Guideline Creation Team. To improve quality assurance and workflow transparency, a mutual peer review system was established, and discussions within each team were open to the public. Public comments were collected once after the initial formulation of a clinical question (CQ), and twice during the review of the final draft. Recommendations were determined to have been adopted after obtaining support from a two‐thirds (>66.6%) majority vote of each of the 19 committee members.ResultsA total of 87 CQs were selected among 19 clinical areas, including pediatric topics and several other important areas not covered in the first edition of the Japanese guidelines (J‐SSCG 2012). The approval rate obtained through committee voting, in addition to ratings of the strengths of the recommendation and its supporting evidence were also added to each recommendation statement. We conducted meta‐analyses for 29 CQs. Thirty seven CQs contained recommendations in the form of an expert consensus due to insufficient evidence. No recommendations were provided for 5 CQs.ConclusionsBased on the evidence gathered, we were able to formulate Japanese‐specific clinical practice guidelines that are tailored to the Japanese context in a highly transparent manner. These guidelines can easily be used not only by specialists, but also by non‐specialists, general clinicians, nurses, pharmacists, clinical engineers, and other healthcare professionals.

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Section: Cq13: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016)

Nishida

Ogura

Egi

et al. 2018

Acute Medicine & Surgery

157

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“…Nine of eighteen (50 %) patients fed enterally died, primarily of infectious causes, compared with three of thirty (15 %) patients who received PN. Later, this same research group repeated this study in fifty-one head-injured patients (Young et al 1987). In this study, they again demonstrated a difference in nutritional outcomes, but there was no difference in overall infections and mortality between the two groups.…”

Section: What Is the Effect Of Enteral Nutrition Compared With Parentmentioning

confidence: 71%

Parenteral nutrition in the critically-ill patient: more harm than good?

Heyland

2000

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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While many studies have reported that providing parenteral nutrition (PN) can change nutritional outcomes, there are limited data that demonstrate that PN influences clinically-important end points in critically-ill patients. The purpose of the present paper is to systematically review and critically appraise the literature to examine the relationship between PN and morbidity and mortality in the critically-ill patient. Studies comparing enteral nutrition (EN) with PN and studies comparing PN with no PN were reviewed. The results suggest that EN is associated with reduced infectious complications in some critically-ill subgroups. PN, on the other hand, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically-ill patients. When nutritional support is indicated, EN should be used preferentially over PN. Further studies are needed to define the optimal timing and composition of PN in patients not tolerating sufficient EN. Strategies to optimize EN delivery and minimize PN utilization in critically-ill patients are indicated.

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“…1987 (31) Clinical trial Evaluation of the influence of enteral and parenteral nutrition on the treatment of HT patients.…”

Section: Young Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(30) Therefore, appropriate nutrition support may reduce susceptibility to sepsis and increase immunocompetence. (2,31) Acute gastric dilation and delayed GE may be pathophysiologically relevant for HT patients. Normalization of these factors may be useful for central nervous system (CNS) injury patients.…”

Section: Nutrition Support For Acute Brain Injury Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesões cerebrais agudas e sua influência sobre a motilidade gastrintestinal

Lucena¹,

Tibúrcio²,

Vasconcelos³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. ter. intensiva

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REVIEW ARTICLEmeans of food administration to brain injury patients as tool to reduce gastrointestinal symptoms. Of note, food intolerance may be associated with increased morbidity and increased hospital stay costs. (2,3) Considering the paucity of both national and international studies correlating SAH, ICH and gastric emptying (GE), the main objective of this paper is to compare and discuss physiological and pathophysiological related to SAH, ICH and gut motility. METHODSA literature search was conducted to analyze the pattern of gut motility following acute brain injury with ICH. Articles discussing possible therapeutic approaches for ICH-related gut complications were also evaluated. The literature search included national and international health sciences journals, and we searched for articles related to the brain-gastrointestinal tract functional axis and its behavior either in experimental animal models of brain injury or acute brain injury patients. Using the inclusion criteria, a web based search was conducted on the following electronic libraries: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) © , Periódicos/Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) © , PubMed/Medline© and Google Scholar Beta © .Twenty-five articles published between 1982 and 2010 were selected. Of those, eleven focused on the influence of ICH on gut motility (GM), ten discussed means of nutrition of administration in moderate to severe head trauma (HT) (Glasgow coma scale < 8), and finally, four articles discussed the main metabolic changes in head trauma subjects, with an emphasis on nutritional support. Influence of intracranial hypertension on gut motilityEleven articles about ICH influence about gut motility were analyzed. Five (45.4%) were related to gastric and intestinal emptying, four (36.3%) focused on pressure changes throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (two studied the amplitude and frequency of food propellant contractions, and the other two analyzed the inferior esophageal sphincter behavior under ICH conditions), and two (18.1%) studies evaluated GIT electrical activity, studying the migratory myoelectric complex by means of body surface electrodes or electrogastrogram. Of all of the articles, two (18.8%) reported that HIC variation is directly proportional to gastric contraction intensity, based on a GE analysis of the amplitude and frequency of contractions in anesthetized rats with intra-cerebral cannulation-induced ICH. The remaining nine (81.8%) articles found that increased ICP is related to slower GIT transit, and this food bolus transit delay is associated with intolerance to enteral nutrition. Pharmacological intervention to accelerate the GIT was evaluated in one of the analyzed articles. Another study was designed to evaluate the association between ICP changes in thirty-seven intracranial tumor patients who performed Valsalva's maneuver during evacuation. All patients performed the maneuver, independent of constipation, and no increased ICP decompensation was observed. Additi...

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The effect of nutritional support on outcome from severe head injury

Cited by 218 publications

References 20 publications

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016)

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016)

Parenteral nutrition in the critically-ill patient: more harm than good?

Lesões cerebrais agudas e sua influência sobre a motilidade gastrintestinal

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