“…Box 1048, 0316 Blindern, Oslo, Norway e-mail: davidmolenaar@gmail.com proportional to the averaged fiber properties, φ ∝ a 2 /L 2 fiber , with average separation length L fiber and fiber radius a, and in a dilute layer, fiber radii are much smaller than the average fiber separation length, a L fiber . Due to the dilute nature of the porous layer, viscous and inertial effects are assumed to be non-negligible [8,9], in contrast to the usual situation in dense porous media. The drag of the obstacles upon the flow is coarse-grained in the form of a linear Darcy damping term in the equations of motion, which take the form of the nonlinear Brinkman equations.…”