The effect of night temperature on tuber initiation of the potato

Slater, Jodi

doi:10.1007/bf02365158

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The strong influence of temperature on potato growth and tuberisation was well known (Bodlaender, 1963;Slater, 1968;Burton, 1972;Marinus and Bodlaender, 1975;Gregory, 1965;Menzel, 1983;Cao and Tibbitts, 1995). Nonetheless, several temperature studies were undertaken to study its effects on the cultivars used in NASA-sponsored tests.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 98%

Potato and Human Exploration of Space: Some Observations from NASA-Sponsored Controlled Environment Studies

Wheeler

2006

Potato Research

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Future space exploration by humans will require reliable supplies of food, oxygen and clean water to sustain the expeditions. Potato is one of several crops being studied for such a Blife support^role. Tests sponsored by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) confirmed the well-known short day tendencies for tuberisation, but also revealed that some cultivars (e.g., Norland, Denali and Russet Burbank) could tuberise well under continuous high light. Horticultural tests showed that plants grew well and tuberised readily using a nutrient film technique (NFT). CO 2 enrichment studies with potato showed typical C 3 responses in photosynthesis and yield, with maximum rates occurring near 1000 mmol mol j1 . The highest tuber yields from these controlled environment studies reached 19.7 kg FM m j2 or equivalent to nearly 200 t ha j1 . This equated to a productivity of 38 g DM day j1 . Stand evapotranspiration (ET) rates ranged from 3.4 to 5.2 l m j2 day j1 throughout growth, while maximum ET rates for canopies could approach 10 l m j2 day j1 . Harvest indices (tuber DM/total DM) typically ranged from 0.7 to 0.8, indicating that waste (inedible) biomass from potato would be less than that from many other crops. An experiment was conducted in 1995 on NASA_s Space Shuttle using excised potato leaves to study tuber formation at axillary buds during spaceflight. The results showed that tubers formed equally well in space as in the ground controls, indicating that reduced gravity should not be an impediment to tuberisation.

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Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 98%

Potato and Human Exploration of Space: Some Observations from NASA-Sponsored Controlled Environment Studies

Wheeler

2006

Potato Research

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“…In addition to short days, the tuberization stimulus is favored by cool temperatures (3, 11,22,24), by low rather than high rates of N fertilization (24), and by "physiologically old" mother tubers (15,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot, Stolon, and Tuber Formation on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cuttings in Response to Photoperiod

Ewing¹,

Wareing²

1978

Plant Physiol.

115

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The intensity of "tuberization stimulus" in potato shoots (Solanum tuberosum L.) can be assessed from cuttings containing one or more leaves. Cuttings maintained in a mist chamber under long days wil form tubers from underground buds If prior to taking the cutting the leaves received sufficient exposure to photoperiods less than the critical photoperiod. The greatest tendency to tuberize was found in cuttings that consisted of a single, fully expanded leaf and its subtended bud. Grafts showed that genetical differences in critical photoperiod resided in properties of the leaf. Short days before cutking tended to shift growth from above ground buds of two-node cuttings to below ground buds, even if the number of short days was insufficient for tuber induction. As few as 6 short days reduced growth of shoots at the upper bud and increased underground growth of shoots and stolons.however, and this trait can be accentuated by breeding (9, 21). In addition to short days, the tuberization stimulus is favored by cool temperatures (3, 11,22,24), by low rather than high rates of N fertilization (24), and by "physiologically old" mother tubers (15,18).Grafting experiments (5, 10), especially the demonstration that even a small piece of stem from an induced plant is capable of transmitting the tuberization stimulus (14), suggest that the stimulus is hormonal in nature. The exact identity of the hormone(s), although extensively investigated, has yet to be established.In this paper we report on the relationships between the exposure of potato foliage to particular photoperiods, the genetically determined CPP, and the levels of tuberization stimulus as reflected by tuberization of cuttings. We show that the CPP characteristic of a given clone is a function of properties of the leaf, not of the underground growing point; and we present evidence that short days shift growth from above ground to below ground buds, even if the number of short days is insufficient for tuber induction. Although potato tubers ordinarily form on underground stolons, every axillary bud on a potato stem has the potential to develop a tuber. Nearly a century ago, Vochting (23) demonstrated that sessile tubers developed at the covered nodes when cut pieces of stem were inserted into soil. He also showed that tuber formation was promoted by darkness and moisture. Recent evidence (16,17) suggests that elevated CO2 levels may also favor tuberization at below ground rather than above ground buds. However, tubers do not always develop even from underground buds of cuttings. As with whole plants, tuberization of cuttings is apparently controlled by an unknown "tuberization stimulus" (5,10,19 MATERIALS AND METHODS Clones. Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., Group Andigena) clones used in this study were obtained through the Cornell University program to select from an Andigena population lines that have Tuberosum-like characteristics (6). Andigena accessions were screened to obtain three clones with CPP of approximately 12 to 13 hr. Populations of "Neo-Tuber...

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“…In the potato plant, the tuberization process is thought to be under the control of temperature and photoperiod which regulate levels of endogenous growth substances. Short days in combination with cool night temperatures (inducing conditions) favor tuberization while long days and elevated night temperatures (non-inducing conditions) delay or prevent tuberization (Gregory 1956, Slater 1968.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous Cytokinins in Solanum tuberosum as Influenced by Photoperiod and Temperature

Forsline

Langille

1975

Physiologia Plantarum

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Using the cucumber cotyledon bioassay, in combination with paper and column chromatographic techniques, 4 compounds exhibiting cytokinin activity were detected in extracts of Katahdin potato plant tissues. Two of these compounds were significantly higher in plants grown under inducing conditions (26°C day and 12°C night with an 8‐h photoperiod) than those grown under non‐inducing conditions (28°C day and 25°C night with a 16‐h photoperiod). One compound increased 10‐fold in above‐ground tissue after only 2 Inductive cycles. Both compounds reached their maximum values in below‐ground tissue after 6 days under inducing conditions, with tuber initiation observed after 8 to 10 days.

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The effect of night temperature on tuber initiation of the potato

Cited by 48 publications

References 2 publications

Potato and Human Exploration of Space: Some Observations from NASA-Sponsored Controlled Environment Studies

Potato and Human Exploration of Space: Some Observations from NASA-Sponsored Controlled Environment Studies

Shoot, Stolon, and Tuber Formation on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cuttings in Response to Photoperiod

Endogenous Cytokinins in Solanum tuberosum as Influenced by Photoperiod and Temperature

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