The effect of nettle (Urtica dioica) supplementation on the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem, worldwide, that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Several randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have investigated the effect of nettle (Urtica dioica) supplementation on markers of glycemic status in patients with T2DM, with conflicting results. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of nettle on some glycemic parameters in patients with T2DM. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, from database inception up to June 2019, to identify RCTs investigating the effect of nettle supplementation on glycemic markers, including fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index, and glycosylated hemoglobin percentage in adults with T2DM. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Results of this meta-analysis were reported based on the random effects model. Eight RCTs, comprising 401 participants, were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool, five studies were considered as good quality, one was fair, and two studies were poor, respectively. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in FBS concentrations (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −18.01 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −30.04 to −5.97, p < .001, I 2 = 94.6%) following nettle supplementation. However, no significant reduction was observed in insulin levels (WMD: 0.83 Hedges' g, 95% CI: −0.26 to 1.92, p = .13, I 2 = 89.4%), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance index (WMD: −0.22, 95% CI: −0.83 to 0.40, p = .49, I 2 = 69.2%), or glycosylated hemoglobin percentage (WMD: −0.77%, 95% CI: −1.77 to 0.22, p = .12, I 2 = 83.0%). The find-ings of the present study suggest that nettle supplementation may be effective in controlling FBS for T2DM patients. However, further studies are needed to confirm the veracity of these results. K E Y W O R D Sglycemic markers, meta-analysis, nettle, systematic review, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Accelerated Solvent Extraction as a Green Tool for the Recovery of Polyphenols and Pigments from Wild Nettle Leaves

“…Therefore, different parts of this plant may have different applications for functional food production due to its valuable nutritional and biological composition [4][5][6][7]. In particular, aerial parts of the nettle are good sources of polyphenols [8][9][10] and pigments [11,12] with different pharmacological and medicinal properties [13][14][15]. Dried nettle extract has already been used as commercially formulated food supplement that may have positive effects on reducing osteoarthritis symptoms [16].…”

Phytonutrient supplements and metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of clinical trials

“…Thirteen of these studies were excluded because they included an abstract ( N = 5) or a protocol ( N = 1) only, were not published in English ( N = 1), had inappropriate exposures ( N = 2) or outcomes ( N = 1), or did not provide updated data ( N = 2). As a result, 50 systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were included in the final analysis (Figure 1; Amir Shaghaghi et al, 2013; Askari et al, 2019; Azhdari et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2020; Fatahi et al, 2019; Ghaedi et al, 2019; Ghaedi et al, 2020; Glisic et al, 2018; Gui et al, 2016; Hadi et al, 2018, 2020; Hadi, Pourmasoumi, Mohammadi, et al, 2019; Hadi, Pourmasoumi, Najafgholizadeh, et al, 2019; Hallajzadeh et al, 2020; Hamedifard et al, 2019; Han et al, 2019; Hasani et al, 2019; Hemati et al, 2020; Hernández‐García et al, 2019; Heshmat‐Ghahdarijani et al, 2020; Karimian et al, 2019; Khorshidi et al, 2020; Li et al, 2014, 2015, 2020; Maierean et al, 2017; Mansour‐Ghanaei et al, 2018; Mohammadi, Hadi, et al, 2019; Mohammadi, Ramezani‐Jolfaie, et al, 2019; Ostadmohammadi et al, 2019; Pourmasoumi et al, 2018, 2020; Rahmani et al, 2019; Rahmani et al, 2020; Ricci et al, 2010; Ried, 2016; Rocha et al, 2019; Sahebkar, 2014; Sahebkar, Simental‐Mendía, et al, 2016; Sahebkar, Soranna, et al, 2016; Salehi‐Sahlabadi et al, 2020; Serban et al, 2015; Shekarchizadeh‐Esfahani et al, 2020; Taku et al, 2010; Ursoniu et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2020; Zhang, Yuan, et al, 2016; Zhang, Liu, et al, 2016; Zhu et al, 2017; Ziaei et al, 2020).…”

Combined Effects of Exercise and Phytoanabolic Extracts in Castrated Male and Female Mice

“…Indeed, its main application is related to treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In addition, some studies have described benefits for U. dioica extract for management of diabetes complications [ 34 , 57 , 89 ]. More recently, it was demonstrated that supplementation with plain U. dioica led to body weight loss in mice that received a high-fat diet, via modulation of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism [ 33 ].…”