The effect of nano-additives in diesel-biodiesel fuel blends: A comprehensive review on stability, engine performance and emission characteristics

Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M.; Ghazali, Nik Nazri Nik; Kalam, M.A.; Badruddin, I.A.; Banapurmath, N. R.; Akram, Naveed

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.10.019

Cited by 411 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 263 publications

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“…The zinc oxide NPs were dispersed in distilled water using a bath-type sonicator, which is an www.nature.com/scientificreports/ indirect method of sonication, the ultrasonicator operates at a frequency higher than 20 kHz for 30 min. The sonication was used to enhance the dissolution, by breaking intermolecular interactions to avoid clustering, agglomeration, and settling 3,72,73 . Also, the ultrasonication process facilitated the agglomerated nanoparticles back to their nanometer range and used to remove dissolved gases from liquids by sonicating the fluid under vacuum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of diesel engine characteristics by adding nanosized zinc oxide and diethyl ether additives in Mahua biodiesel–diesel fuel blend

Soudagar

Banapurmath

Afzal

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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102

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This study deals with an experimental investigation to assess the characteristics of a modified common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine utilizing diesel, Mahua biodiesel, and their blends with synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nano additives. The physicochemical properties of diesel, diesel + 30 ppm ZnO nanoparticles (D10030), 20% Mahua biodiesel (MOME20), and Mahua biodiesel (20%) + 30 ppm ZnO nanoparticles (MOME2030) were measured in accordance to the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. The effects of modification of fuel injectors (FI) holes (7-hole FI) and toroidal reentrant combustion chamber (TRCC) piston bowl design on the performance of CRDI using different fuel blends were assessed. For injection timings (IT) and injection opening pressure (IOP) average increase in brake thermal efficiency for fuel blend D10030 and MOME2030 was 9.65% and 16.4%, and 8.83% and 5.06%, respectively. Also, for IT and IOP, the average reductions in brake specific fuel consumption, smoke, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions for D10030 and MOME2030 were 10.9% and 7.7%, 18.2% and 8.6%, 12.6% and 11.5%, 8.74% and 13.1%, and 5.75% and 7.79%, respectively and 15.5% and 5.06%, 20.33% and 6.20%, 11.12% and 24.8%, 18.32% and 6.29%, and 1.79% and 6.89%, respectively for 7-hole fuel injector and TRCC. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate for D10030 and MOME2030 were enhanced by 6.8% and 17.1%, and 7.35% and 12.28%. The 7-hole fuel injector with the nano fuel blends at an injection timing and pressure of 10° btdc and 900 bar demonstrated the overall improvement of the engine characteristics due to the better air quality for fuel mixing. Similarly, the TRCC cylinder bowl geometry illustrated advanced ignition due to an improved swirl and turbulence. Also, the engine test results demonstrated that 30 ppm of ZnO nanoparticles in Mahua biodiesel (MOME2030) and diesel (D10030) with diethyl ether resulted overall enhancement of CRDI engine characteristics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of diesel engine characteristics by adding nanosized zinc oxide and diethyl ether additives in Mahua biodiesel–diesel fuel blend

Soudagar

Banapurmath

Afzal

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

102

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“…The DEE is completely miscible in diesel and biodiesel fuel blend. 19,[36][37][38] The initial valuation tests reveal that the solubility of DEE in the fuel blends with a blending ratio of 10% was conducted and found to be miscible and no phase separation as observed for a period of 20 weeks, hence no emulsifying agents were added to the fuel blends. The results obtained in the current investigation are in good agreement with similar research on DEE and biodiesel.…”

Section: Jatropha Biodiesel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diethyl ether additive in Jatropha biodiesel‐diesel fuel blends on the variable compression ratio diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics at different loads and compression ratios

et al. 2020

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An investigational analysis was performed to assess the effect of diethyl ether (DEE) that acts as an oxygenated additive in Jatropha biodiesel and diesel fuel blends on the performance enhancement and emission reduction of a variable compression ratio (CR) diesel engine. The DEE (10% vol) is added to different concentration levels of Jatropha biodiesel (B5, B10, and B20). The Jatropha biodiesel (JME) is prepared by the transesterification reaction and DEE is prepared through acid distillation

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“…The BTE is reduced because of the occurrence of oxygen buffer of ZnO which lowers the oxygen requirement for complete combustion process and therefore lower A/F ratio for ZnO addition with biodiesel [34]. Nanoparticles help to split the hydrogen atom from water and which could have participated in the combustion process along with improving the rate of heat conduction which lowers BTE [23,35] 5. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Figure 6: Variation of Nitrous Oxide with Load Figure 6 shows the variation of Nitrous Oxide with Load.…”

Section: Figure 5: Variation Of Break Thermal Efficiency With Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Zinc oxide on Direct Injection CI Engine Fueled With Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

Lobo¹,

Ramesha²,

Manjunath³

2019

International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering

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With advancement in technology and production of nanosized particles, access and more importantly cost of nanoparticles have come down. This gives an exciting opportunity to tackle the strict regulations for emissons being in place which poses an urgent need to reduce emissons of not only new vehicles but of existing vehicles with as little external modification of the engine as required. Not a lot of extensive work has been conducted in terms of emissons, combustion and performance characteristics of fuels mixed with metallic nanosized powders. Zinc oxide is one such exciting nanoparticle because of its properties such as improvement of heat transfer rate, flash point, fire point, ability to store energy in it crevices and mass diffusivity, when dispersed in any fluid medium. And also it increases catalytic properties and provided higher surface to volume ratio. In the present work the Biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil (WCO) has been employed as fuel along with 80 ppm ZnO and is considered for investigation. A Kirloskar made TV2 diesel engine has been employed to conduct the experiment at varied load. In this experiment Diesel has been considered as baseline reading and two other fuels, that is Biodiesel and Biodiesel+80ppm of ZnO has been considered for comparison purpose. The engine has been run from 0% to 100% load using the 3 fuels and the results have been evaluated, tabulated and plotted on graphs for discussion. From the results it is revealed that the BTE is increased by nearly 4% and BSFC has reduced by 9% thus showing that the performance of the engine is improved .The emissions of CO, NOx and PM has reduced and especially CO has reduced by nearly 30%.There is also improvement of combustion with the HRR increasing by nearly 11% and introduction of ignition delay. Thus by employing this additive the emissons are decreased without penalizing the performance and combustion characteristics

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The effect of nano-additives in diesel-biodiesel fuel blends: A comprehensive review on stability, engine performance and emission characteristics

Cited by 411 publications

References 263 publications

Study of diesel engine characteristics by adding nanosized zinc oxide and diethyl ether additives in Mahua biodiesel–diesel fuel blend

Study of diesel engine characteristics by adding nanosized zinc oxide and diethyl ether additives in Mahua biodiesel–diesel fuel blend

Effect of diethyl ether additive in Jatropha biodiesel‐diesel fuel blends on the variable compression ratio diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics at different loads and compression ratios

Influence of Zinc oxide on Direct Injection CI Engine Fueled With Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

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