Study of diesel engine characteristics by adding nanosized zinc oxide and diethyl ether additives in Mahua biodiesel–diesel fuel blend

Abstract

This study deals with an experimental investigation to assess the characteristics of a modified common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine utilizing diesel, Mahua biodiesel, and their blends with synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) nano additives. The physicochemical properties of diesel, diesel + 30 ppm ZnO nanoparticles (D10030), 20% Mahua biodiesel (MOME20), and Mahua biodiesel (20%) + 30 ppm ZnO nanoparticles (MOME2030) were measured in accordance to the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. The effects of modification of fuel injectors (FI) holes (7-hole FI) and toroidal reentrant combustion chamber (TRCC) piston bowl design on the performance of CRDI using different fuel blends were assessed. For injection timings (IT) and injection opening pressure (IOP) average increase in brake thermal efficiency for fuel blend D10030 and MOME2030 was 9.65% and 16.4%, and 8.83% and 5.06%, respectively. Also, for IT and IOP, the average reductions in brake specific fuel consumption, smoke, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions for D10030 and MOME2030 were 10.9% and 7.7%, 18.2% and 8.6%, 12.6% and 11.5%, 8.74% and 13.1%, and 5.75% and 7.79%, respectively and 15.5% and 5.06%, 20.33% and 6.20%, 11.12% and 24.8%, 18.32% and 6.29%, and 1.79% and 6.89%, respectively for 7-hole fuel injector and TRCC. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate for D10030 and MOME2030 were enhanced by 6.8% and 17.1%, and 7.35% and 12.28%. The 7-hole fuel injector with the nano fuel blends at an injection timing and pressure of 10° btdc and 900 bar demonstrated the overall improvement of the engine characteristics due to the better air quality for fuel mixing. Similarly, the TRCC cylinder bowl geometry illustrated advanced ignition due to an improved swirl and turbulence. Also, the engine test results demonstrated that 30 ppm of ZnO nanoparticles in Mahua biodiesel (MOME2030) and diesel (D10030) with diethyl ether resulted overall enhancement of CRDI engine characteristics.

Influence of Silica Nano-Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Soybean Biodiesel Fuelled Diesel Engine

“…To stabilise the blend, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) surfactant was used for the ultrasonication process. The process was adapted from previous investigations by Soudagar et al [2,3]. Initially, 25% of soybean biodiesel was blended with 75% diesel using an ultrasonication bath for 60 min.…”

“…The current scenario of increasing fuel prices and depletion of fossil fuels has increased demand for renewable energy in the industry and heavy-duty diesel engines [1][2][3]. Biodiesel is one of the potential sources of clean and green energy for today's world's sustainable development [4].…”

Investigation on Diesel Engine Fuelled by Mahua Biodiesel

“…It has observed that BTEis decreased in higher blend ratios. The calorific values of fuel lead to increasing the efficiency of an engine [18]. Brake Specific Energy Consumption Brake Specific Energy Consumption (BSEC) is equal to the product of Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and Calorific Value (CV) of the fuel.It is one of the engine parameters for measuring the engine fuel consumption by energy thusit means that how efficiently energy from fuel is obtained.…”

Direct Transesterification for Biodiesel Production and Testing the Engine for Performance and Emissions Run on Biodiesel-Diesel-Nano Blends

“…The uncertainties and accuracies of the measured parameters in the current investigations are given in Table 3 . The calculation for uncertainty for brake-specific fuel consumption is based on the systematic set of procedures available in open literature [ 25 ].…”

“…The uncertainties and accuracies of the measured parameters in the current investigations are given in Table 3. The calculation for uncertainty for brake-specific fuel consumption is based on the systematic set of procedures available in open literature [25]. The variance of the measured factors estimated utilizing Gaussian distribution as described in Equation 1, under the of limits confidence of ±2σ.…”