The Effect of Mental Illness on Segregation Following Institutional Misconduct

Clark, Kyleigh

doi:10.1177/0093854818766974

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Detained immigrants who are mentally ill are more likely to be placed in solitary confinement for longer periods than people without mental illness (see also Patler et al, 2019), again reflecting patterns documented in the prison context (Clark 2018;American Civil Liberties Union 2019;Kaba et al 2014;Reiter et al 2020;Reiter and Blair 2015). This is particularly troubling since solitary confinement is known to both initiate and exacerbate serious mental illness (Haney, 2018;Reiter and Blair, 2015;UN News, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Punishing status and the punishment status quo: Solitary confinement in U.S. Immigration prisons, 2013–2017

Franco¹,

Patler²,

Reiter³

2020

Punishment & Society

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This study provides the first systematic, nationally representative analysis of administrative records of solitary confinement placements in any carceral setting. We examine patterns in who experiences solitary confinement in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody, as well as the stated reason for, and length of, their confinement. We reveal several findings. First, cases involving individuals with mental illnesses are overrepresented, more likely to occur without infraction, and to last longer, compared to cases involving individuals without mental illnesses. Second, solitary confinement cases involving immigrants from Africa and the Caribbean are vastly overrepresented in comparison to the share of these groups in the overall detained population, and African immigrants are more likely to be confined for disciplinary reasons, compared to the average. Finally, placement patterns vary significantly by facility and institution type, with private facilities more likely to solitarily confine people without infraction, compared to public facilities. This study offers a lens through which to more precisely theorize the legal boundary-blurring of crimmigration and the relationship between prison and immigration detention policies, to better understand the practice of solitary confinement across carceral contexts, and to analyze the relationship between national-level policy and on-the-ground implementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Punishing status and the punishment status quo: Solitary confinement in U.S. Immigration prisons, 2013–2017

Franco¹,

Patler²,

Reiter³

2020

Punishment & Society

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“…Some studies that focus on mental health have found that prolonged isolation has the potential to worsen mental health conditions, such as anxiety and psychosis (Haney, 2003), while others suggest that it may not be the housing that worsens mental health conditions, but rather the prison environment in general (Clark, 2018). This can also be seen among studies that have focused on post-release recidivism.…”

Section: The Punitive Turn and The Rise Of Solitary Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in Solitary Confinement: Relationships, Pseudofamilies, and the Limits of Control

Aranda-Hughes

Turanovic

Mears

et al. 2020

Feminist Criminology

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Drawing on qualitative data from focus groups with correctional personnel in one of the nation’s largest women’s prisons, this study examines staff perceptions of how incarcerated women cope with long-term solitary confinement. We find that women’s strong ties to other women and their prison pseudofamilies may influence the behaviors that explain their placement and stays in solitary confinement. We find, too, that women are perceived to go to extreme lengths to build and maintain relationships with other women. The findings showcase unintended consequences of solitary confinement, raise questions about its effectiveness, and highlight the limits of institutional control.

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“…Clark 10 también refleja la influencia negativa que puede tener en el recluso el hecho de padecer un trastorno mental a la hora de la aplicación de las sanciones. Ya que se aumenta la probabilidad de que las sanciones interpuestas sean efecto de la segregación del colectivo.…”

Section: Continúaunclassified

“…Predominan las sanciones desproporcionadas que optan más frecuentemente por el confinamiento en solitario, empeorando su capacidad de adaptación y el estilo relacional que empleará el recluso en sus interacciones con los otros. Estas sanciones desmedidas son fruto principalmente de que los reclusos con problemas de salud mental son vistos como excesiva-mente peligrosos, tanto para ellos mismos como para el resto de los reclusos y el personal de prisiones 10 . A pesar de la gran cantidad de reclusos con problemas de salud mental en prisiones, Arnau et al 13 consideran que las intervenciones que se realizan para mitigar las alteraciones que ocasionan la sobreocupación de los mismos, en el clima social penitenciario y en las interacciones sociales en el entorno, son insuficientes.…”

Section: Continúaunclassified

“…que influye en los estados de ánimo y los comportamientos de las personas que habitan en dicho entorno. Por lo tanto, también permitirá describir cómo son las relaciones interpersonales, tanto con el personal penitenciario como con el resto de los reclusos.Clark10 asegura que, según la percepción de conjunto que se tenga de este clima social penitenciario, existirá mayor o menor predisposición en la aparición de violencia, agresiones y malas conductas institucionales. Por ello, percepciones como un sentimiento bajo de seguridad, poca cohesión de grupo o la existencia de instalaciones con altos niveles de seguridad, ocasionarán que la atmósfera penitenciaria disponga de una predisposición mayor a la violencia y la agresión y, por lo tanto, generarán un mayor número de malas conductas que deberán ser sancionadas.…”

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Influence of prisoners’ mental health on the relational climate of prisons

Calles-Rubiales¹,

Prado²

2020

Rev Esp Sanid Penit

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Introduction: Entry into prison involves adapting to a prison culture that is sometimes altered by the effect of imprisonment. Prisons are overcrowded and hold large numbers of inmates suffering from mental disorders and difficulties of adaptation, who affect the delicate equilibrium of the prison environment and can worsen the relational climate. Material and method: Several bibliographical databases on the influence of the mental health of adult inmates on the prison relationship climate and existing interventions in this regard that have been published in the last 15 years were reviewed. This data was complemented by other information obtained from the online bibliographic indexes of the Ministry of the Interior. Results: There is little literature on the influence of mental health on the relational climate of prisons and existing interventions. However, what literature there is does respond to a current prison reality where inmates with mental health problems have an increased risk of victimization and also a greater predisposition to penitentiary misconduct that causes violations of rules and the consequent application of disciplinary sanctions that lead to segregation. Discussion: The dysfunctional behaviour of such inmates, as well as the stigmatized treatment they receive, negatively impact the prison social climate, generating pathological relational styles and distorting the prison environment. This creates a need for an adequate number of programs and interventions of sufficient quality to prevent and mitigate their consequences.

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The Effect of Mental Illness on Segregation Following Institutional Misconduct

Cited by 23 publications

References 71 publications

Punishing status and the punishment status quo: Solitary confinement in U.S. Immigration prisons, 2013–2017

Punishing status and the punishment status quo: Solitary confinement in U.S. Immigration prisons, 2013–2017

Women in Solitary Confinement: Relationships, Pseudofamilies, and the Limits of Control

Influence of prisoners’ mental health on the relational climate of prisons

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