The Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Metabolism of Growth Plate Chondrocytes

Ueki, M.; Tanaka, Nobuaki; Tanimoto, Kotaro; Nishio, Clarice; Honda, K.; Lin, Yu-Yu; Tanne, Yuki; Ohkuma, Satoru; Kamiya, Takashi; Tanaka, Eiji; Tanne, Kazuo

doi:10.1007/s10439-008-9462-7

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…tensile strain, was reported to enhance proliferation within the growth plate [13]. This, however, has been shown to be dependent on the loading frequency [7]. In our experiments we exposed CPCs from the human growth plate to a relatively low loading frequency of 0.1 Hz and a surface elongation of 3 %.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Behaviour of human physeal chondro-progenitorcells in early growth plate injury response in vitro

Pichler

Schmidt

Fischerauer

et al. 2012

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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This study showed that CPCs can be isolated from the human growth plate and expanded in vitro. In the first phase of injury response at the growth plate these cells differentiate towards hypertrophy. As longitudinal growth is obtained by chondrocyte proliferation and volume increase during hypertrophy this maturation might be the first step towards post-traumatic growth disorders such as unwanted premature ossification of the growth plate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulate the remodelling of the extracellular matrix and cell differentiation towards both osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages [5,6]. Mechanical stimuli influence growth plate chondrocyte metabolism, dependent on loading type and frequency [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of human physeal chondro-progenitorcells in early growth plate injury response in vitro

Pichler

Schmidt

Fischerauer

et al. 2012

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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“…In this regard, Ueki et al (Ueki et al, 2008) showed that mechanical loading of the growth plate of Wistar rats resulted in increased chondrocyte proliferation and matrix formation. For the current study, this suggests that elevated mechanical loading could result in lower scaled cell counts for the reserve and hypertrophic zones and higher counts for the proliferative zone, as the loading regimen increases the rate at which reserve zone cells enter the proliferative phase and hypertrophic cells become incorporated into the bony matrix of the limb element.…”

Section: Controlling For Cohortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential limb loading in miniature pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus): a test of chondral modeling theory

Congdon

Hammond

Ravosa

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYVariation in mechanical loading is known to influence chondrogenesis during joint formation. However, the interaction among chondrocyte behavior and variation in activity patterns is incompletely understood, hindering our knowledge of limb ontogeny and function. Here, the role of endurance exercise in the development of articular and physeal cartilage in the humeral head was examined in 14 miniature swine (Sus scrofa domesticus). One group was subjected to graded treadmill running over a period of 17 weeks. A matched sedentary group was confined to individual pens. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histomorphometry of cartilage zone thickness, chondrocyte count and cell area, with these parameters compared multivariately between exercised and sedentary groups. Comparisons were also made with femora from the same sample, focusing on humerus-femur differences between exercised and sedentary groups, within-cohort comparisons of humerus-femur responses and correlated changes within and across joints. This study shows conflicting support for the chondral modeling theory. The humeral articular cartilage of exercised pigs was thinner than that of sedentary pigs, but their physeal cartilage was thicker. While articular and physeal cartilage demonstrated between-cohort differences, humeral physeal cartilage exhibited load-induced responses of greater magnitude than humeral articular cartilage. Controlling for cohort, the humerus showed increased chondrocyte mitosis and cell area, presumably due to relatively greater loading than the femur. This represents the first known effort to evaluate chondral modeling across multiple joints from the same individuals. Our findings suggest the chondral response to elevated loading is complex, varying within and among joints. This has important implications for understanding joint biomechanics and development.

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“…The rate of matrix synthesis decreases as the static hydrostatic pressure increases up to 50 MPa [46,179]. In contrast, cyclic loading can stimulate matrix synthesis [165,174]. However, physiologic responses to cyclic loading have been shown to be temporally-and spatially-dependent since extracellular osmolality is not homogeneous across the depth of each cartilage layer [46,50,165,167,178,180].…”

Section: Mechanotransduction Processes In Articularmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under mechanical loading, chondrocytic proliferation and differentiation [46,165] result in a greater number of cells for the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (collagen, proteoglycans). For example, intermittent tensile stresses applied to chondrocytes from the rat rib growth plate increased both DNA and proteoglycan synthesis by about 1.5-fold [174]. Newly formed collagen is used for the maintenance and repair of damaged extracellular matrix, while providing a support medium for the proteoglycans to trap water in order to resist compression.…”

Section: Mechanotransduction Processes In Articularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions

Jaumard¹,

Welch²,

Winkelstein³

2011

J. Biomech. Eng.

270

225

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The facet joint is a crucial anatomic region of the spine owing to its biomechanical role in facilitating articulation of the vertebrae of the spinal column. It is a diarthrodial joint with opposing articular cartilage surfaces that provide a low friction environment and a ligamentous capsule that encloses the joint space. Together with the disc, the bilateral facet joints transfer loads and guide and constrain motions in the spine due to their geometry and mechanical function. Although a great deal of research has focused on defining the biomechanics of the spine and the form and function of the disc, the facet joint has only recently become the focus of experimental, computational and clinical studies. This mechanical behavior ensures the normal health and function of the spine during physiologic loading but can also lead to its dysfunction when the tissues of the facet joint are altered either by injury, degeneration or as a result of surgical modification of the spine. The anatomical, biomechanical and physiological characteristics of the facet joints in the cervical and lumbar spines have become the focus of increased attention recently with the advent of surgical procedures of the spine, such as disc repair and replacement, which may impact facet responses. Accordingly, this review summarizes the relevant anatomy and biomechanics of the facet joint and the individual tissues that comprise it. In order to better understand the physiological implications of tissue loading in all conditions, a review of mechanotransduction pathways in the cartilage, ligament and bone is also presented ranging from the tissue-level scale to cellular modifications. With this context, experimental studies are summarized as they relate to the most common modifications that alter the biomechanics and health of the spine-injury and degeneration. In addition, many computational and finite element models have been developed that enable more-detailed and specific investigations of the facet joint and its tissues than are provided by experimental approaches and also that expand their utility for the field of biomechanics. These are also reviewed to provide a more complete summary of the current knowledge of facet joint mechanics. Overall, the goal of this review is to present a comprehensive review of the breadth and depth of knowledge regarding the mechanical and adaptive responses of the facet joint and its tissues across a variety of relevant size scales.

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The Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Metabolism of Growth Plate Chondrocytes

Cited by 46 publications

References 64 publications

Behaviour of human physeal chondro-progenitorcells in early growth plate injury response in vitro

Behaviour of human physeal chondro-progenitorcells in early growth plate injury response in vitro

Differential limb loading in miniature pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus): a test of chondral modeling theory

Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions

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