The effect of measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) immunization on the immune responses of previously immunized primary school children

Rager-Zisman, Bracha; Bazarsky, Elina; Skibin, A.; Chamney, Shlomo; Belmaker, Ilana; Shai, Iris; Kordysh, Ella; Griffin, Diane E.

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00053-7

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is in agreement with other studies showing that high measles antibody titres interfere with the mean antibody response, and the greatest increase occurred in those with the lowest pre-immunization titres [25,[32][33][34][35]. Therefore antibody response titres were significantly inversely correlated with antibody status before mass vaccination, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Yekta¹,

Pourali²,

Taravati³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the effectiveness of the mass measles vaccination campaign in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran, by examining the measles IgG seroprevalence and antibody response from paired data before and after the campaign. The overall seropositive rate of 624 subjects aged 5-25 years increased 1 year after the mass vaccination (from 53.0% to 72.3%). A rise in antibody titre occurred in all age groups except the 21-25 years group, which had the highest titre before mass vaccination. On logistic regression analysis, only immune status prior to vaccination was significantly associated with the seroresponse. It may be cost-effective to check antibody titres before mass vaccinations, especially in high vaccine coverage regions with circulating wild virus. ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻤﻬﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻣﻴﺎ،‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻮﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻘﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺼﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Yekta¹,

Pourali²,

Taravati³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The low rate of seroconversion to measles is consistent with a previous study of Jewish school children in the same region in which 24% of 6-year-old children with a documented history of receiving MMR were seronegative (24) . FIG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Also, a decrease in WBCs was observed in Canadian and Israeli children 1 month after revaccination with MMR (24,32). However, WBCs were unchanged 2 and 12 weeks after primary vaccination of 6-to 9-month-old South African infants with the Edmonston-Zagreb or Schwarz strains of measles vaccine (13) or after primary vaccination of 1-to 8-year-old children with MMR (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Immune Responses to Primary Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination in Israeli Children

Rager-Zisman

Bazarsky²,

Skibin³

et al. 2004

Clin Vaccine Immunol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measles remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, primarily due to problems associated with delivery of the live attenuated vaccine to susceptible populations. In some developed countries, there is concern about the effects of immunization on the immune system. In this study, we analyzed the responses of 12-month-old Bedouin and Jewish children living in Israel to routine measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. Seroconversion to measles was 99% in Bedouin and 79% in Jewish children (P < 0.01), and that to mumps and rubella was 92 to 100% in both groups. Measles neutralizing antibody titers were higher in Bedouin (333 ؎ 39 mIU/ml) than Jewish (122 ؎ 60 mIU/ml) children (P < 0.002). Immunoglobulin G levels were higher in Bedouin than Jewish children (P ‫؍‬ 0.007) and increased after vaccination (P ‫؍‬ 0.0009). Leukocyte (P < 0.02) and lymphocyte (P ‫؍‬ 0.04) counts were higher and CD4 lymphocyte percentages were lower (P < 0.001) in Bedouin than Jewish children before and after vaccination. Leukocyte counts and natural killer cell numbers did not change after vaccination, but lytic activity increased in Bedouin children (P < 0.005). Spontaneous proliferation of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells increased with vaccination, but there were no changes in the proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin or tetanus toxoid. In summary, no adverse effects of MMR vaccination on immune function were detected. However, there were differences in underlying immunologic parameters and in response to the measles component of the vaccine between Bedouin and Jewish children. It is not known whether genetic differences or environmental exposure accounts for these differences.

show abstract

“…However, in contrast to a person with maternal antibodies, an immunized person also has circulating MV-specific IgM. 32 It has been shown that IgM (in the absence of inhibitory antibodies) can improve the B-cell response against antigen by forming a complex with antigen and the complement protein 3d (C3d) and cross-linking the BCR with the complement receptor 2. 12 When tested in vitro, MV-H-specific monoclonal IgM was able to increase the number of MV-specific B cells in an ELISPOT assay ( Figure 5A).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the regulatory mechanism controlling the inhibition of vaccine-induced seroconversion by maternal antibodies

Kim

Huey

Oglesbee

et al. 2011

Blood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The inhibition of vaccination by maternal antibodies is a widely observed phenomenon in human and veterinary medicine. Maternal antibodies are known to suppress the B-cell response. This is similar to antibody feedback mechanism studies where passively transferred antibody inhibits the B-cell response against particulate antigens because of epitope masking. In the absence of experimental data addressing the mechanism underlying inhibition by maternal antibodies, it has been suggested that epitope masking explains the inhibition by maternal antibodies, too. Here we report that in the cotton rat model of measles virus ( IntroductionMaternal antibodies of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody class are transferred from mother to child and protect children against infectious diseases. Over time, passively transferred maternal antibody titers decline and are not protective any longer but interfere with successful vaccination. A well-documented example of this is measles vaccination. 1 Inoculation of seronegative children with a live-attenuated vaccine measles virus (MV) leads first to the development of antibodies specific for the nucleocapsid (MV-N) protein (which is released by infected cells) and subsequently to protective neutralizing antibodies specific for the hemagglutinin (MV-H) and fusion (MV-F) proteins. 2 Neutralizing antibodies recognize at least 15 nonoverlapping neutralizing epitopes on MV-H and 3 on MV-F. 3 Vaccination in the presence of maternal antibodies, however, does not lead to development of protective neutralizing antibodies, 4 whereas the T-cell response is readily detectable. [5][6][7][8][9][10] These findings indicate a specific inhibition of B-cell responses by maternal antibodies. In the absence of experimental data, inhibition of B cells has been postulated to be the result of physical blockage of epitopes by maternal antibodies (epitope masking 11 ). This model is based on antibody feedback mechanism studies. 11,12 In these studies, passive transfer of IgG suppresses the B-cell response against sheep red blood cells. Epitope masking leads to epitope-specific suppression at lower antibody concentrations, whereas at higher antibody concentrations also nonepitopespecific inhibition was observed and explained by steric hindrance. 13 A proposed alternate mechanism is based on the only inhibitory receptor of the IgG binding Fc receptor family, Fc␥-IIB receptor (Fc␥RIIB). On B cells, cross-linking of Fc␥RIIB to the B-cell receptor (BCR) through antigen/antibody complexes leads to inhibition of activation and antibody secretion. 12,[14][15][16] This mechanism was dismissed for the antibody feedback model because IgG is inhibitory in Fc-receptor knockout mice, 17 an IgG3 isotype antibody that in the mouse does not bind to Fc␥RIIB can be inhibitory, 18,19 and in some studies F(abЈ) 2 fragments can also inhibit B-cell responses. 17,20,21 In summary, these studies provide evidence for epitope masking as the main mechanism of inhibition of antibody responses in the antibody feedback model. Whether the...

show abstract

The effect of measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) immunization on the immune responses of previously immunized primary school children

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Immune response to measles vaccine after mass vaccination in Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

Differential Immune Responses to Primary Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination in Israeli Children

Insights into the regulatory mechanism controlling the inhibition of vaccine-induced seroconversion by maternal antibodies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About