The Effect of Marine Derived n-3 Fatty Acids on Adipose Tissue Metabolism and Function

Todorčević, Marijana; Hodson, Leanne

doi:10.3390/jcm5010003

Cited by 66 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…These observations were obtained in cells that were undifferentiated at the beginning of FA exposure. The use of in vitro experiments to explore the effect of DHA and EPA on adipokine expression in adipocytes led to conflicting observations (31), indicating that the present in vitro effects cannot be fully extrapolated to an in vivo situation. Although we cannot directly relate the beneficial effect of EPA to change in adiponectin concentration, the present work strongly suggest that n-3 PUFAs may alter adipokine expression and/or secretion to regulate glucose homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EPA prevents fat mass expansion and metabolic disturbances in mice fed with a Western diet

Pinel

Pitois

Rigaudière

et al. 2016

Journal of Lipid Research

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The authors acknowledge the staff from Auvergne University Experimental Animal Laboratory and Christophe Del’Homme, Philippe Denis, Anne Terisse-Lottier and Alexandre Teynie from the Experimental Animal Facility of the Human Nutrition Unit (INRA of Clermont-Ferrand) for their assistance throughout the animal protocol. We thank Celine Bobby for her help for TaqMan gene expression assays. We gratefully acknowledge financial support and doctoral fellowship (to A.P.) fromLesieur and AvrilImpact of ALA, EPA and DHA on obesity and metabolic complications were studied in mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HF). HF diets were supplemented with ALA, EPA or DHA (1%w/w) and given to C57BL/6J mice for 16 weeks and to Ob/Ob mice for 6 weeks. In C57BL/6J mice, EPA reduced plasma cholesterol (-20%), limited fat mass accumulation (-23%), adipose cell hypertrophy (-50%), and reduced plasma leptin concentration (-60%), compared to HF fed mice. Furthermore, mice supplemented with EPA exhibited a higher insulin sensitivity (+24%) and glucose tolerance (+20%) compared to HF fed mice. Similar effects were observed in EPA supplemented Ob/Ob mice, although fat mass accumulation was not prevented. By contrast in comparison to HF fed mice, DHA did not prevent fat mass accumulation, increased plasma leptin concentration (+128%) in C57BL/6J mice and did not improve glucose homeostasis in C57BL/6J and Ob/Ob mice. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, DHA stimulated leptin expression whereas EPA induced adiponectin expression, suggesting that improved leptin / adiponectin balance may contribute to the protective effect of EPA. In conclusion, supplementation with EPA, but not ALA and DHA, could preserve glucose homeostasis in an obesogenic environment and limit fat mass accumulation in the early stage of weight gain

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EPA prevents fat mass expansion and metabolic disturbances in mice fed with a Western diet

Pinel

Pitois

Rigaudière

et al. 2016

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…The review was inspired by previous reviews to identify the beneficial effects of DHA in adipose tissue [27,28,29,30]. The literature search strategy focused on articles published in peer-reviewed and English-language journals between the years 1951 and 2016.…”

Section: Methodology Of Reference Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Ameliorating the Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Animal Models and Humans

Huang

Chien

Chen

et al. 2016

IJMS

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The incidence of obesity and its comorbidities, such as insulin resistance and type II diabetes, are increasing dramatically, perhaps caused by the change in the fatty acid composition of common human diets. Adipose tissue plays a role as the major energy reservoir in the body. An excess of adipose mass accumulation caused by chronic positive energy balance results in obesity. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) exert numerous beneficial effects to maintain physiological homeostasis. In the current review, the physiology of n-3 PUFA effects in the body is delineated from studies conducted in both human and animal experiments. Although mechanistic studies in human are limited, numerous studies conducted in animals and models in vitro provide potential molecular mechanisms of the effects of these fatty acids. Three aspects of n-3 PUFA in adipocyte regulation are discussed: (1) lipid metabolism, including adipocyte differentiation, lipolysis and lipogenesis; (2) energy expenditure, such as mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation; and (3) inflammation, including adipokines and specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Additionally, the mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA regulate gene expression are highlighted. The beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA may help to reduce the incidence of obesity and its comorbidities.

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“…The radiolabeled PA was obtained from American Radiolabeled Chemicals, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA), and the non-radiolabeled FAs were all supplied from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The doses were selected based on previous in vitro studies performed on adipocytes [64,65] and based on extensive experience in our laboratory from previous studies.…”

Section: Incubation Of Adipocytes With Radiolabelled Palmitic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Deposition and Mobilisation in Atlantic Salmon Adipocytes

Bou

Wang

Todorčević

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The present study aimed to elucidate how Atlantic salmon adipocytes pre-enriched with palmitic (16:0, PA), oleic (18:1n−9, OA), or eicosapentaenoic (20:5n−3, EPA) acid respond to a fasting condition mimicked by nutrient deprivation and glucagon. All experimental groups were supplemented with radiolabeled PA to trace secreted lipids and distribution of radioactivity in different lipid classes. There was a higher content of intracellular lipid droplets in adipocytes pre-enriched with OA than in adipocytes pre-enriched with PA or EPA. In the EPA group, the radiolabeled PA was mainly esterified in phospholipids and triacylglycerols, whereas in the OA and PA groups, the radioactivity was mainly recovered in phospholipids and cholesterol-ester. By subjecting the experimental groups to nutrient-deprived media supplemented with glucagon, lipolysis occurred in all groups, although to a lower extent in the OA group. The lipids were mainly secreted as esterified lipids in triacylglycerols and phospholipids, indicating mobilization in lipoproteins. A significant proportion was secreted as free fatty acids and glycerol. Leptin secretion was reduced in all experimental groups in response to fasting, while the mitochondria area responded to changes in the energy supply and demand by increasing after 3 h of fasting. Overall, different lipid classes in adipocytes influenced their mobilization during fasting.

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The Effect of Marine Derived n-3 Fatty Acids on Adipose Tissue Metabolism and Function

Cited by 66 publications

References 113 publications

EPA prevents fat mass expansion and metabolic disturbances in mice fed with a Western diet

EPA prevents fat mass expansion and metabolic disturbances in mice fed with a Western diet

Role of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Ameliorating the Obesity-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Animal Models and Humans

Lipid Deposition and Mobilisation in Atlantic Salmon Adipocytes

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