The effect of maize starch or soya-bean oil as energy sources in lactation on sow and piglet performance in association with sow metabolic state around peak lactation

Jones, G.M.; Edwards, S.A.; Sinclair, A. G.; Gebbie, F.E.; Rooke, John; Jagger, S.; Hoste, S.

doi:10.1017/s1357729800052838

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It appears the amount or the nature of the lysozyme supplementations has not been adequate to change the milk composition. It has been found that lysozyme supplementation does not change the composition of milk unlike some nutrients, such as fat (Chapman et al, 2000;Jones et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme during late gestation and lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring1

Shi

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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This study investigated the effects of supplementing sow diets with lysozyme during the late gestation to lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring. Sixty sows (Yorkshire × Landrace, 3 to 6 of parity) at day 85 of gestation were allocated to the following 3 dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a basal diet from late gestation to lactation (control, n = 20), 2) sows fed a basal diet with lysozyme 150 g/t (LZM 150, n = 20), and 3) sows fed a basal diet with lysozyme 300 g/t (LZM 300, n = 20). During the lactation period, sows fed diets containing lysozyme had increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.01) and decreased weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI, P < 0.05), but there were no significant effects on backfat during the trial among treatments. Sows fed lysozyme diets had increased (P < 0.05) serum concentration of total protein (TP) compared with those fed the control diets. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) of the sows increased (P < 0.05) on day 1 of lactation, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) increased (P < 0.05) on day 7 of lactation, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) had a tendency to increase (P = 0.05) during the lactation. Milk concentration of IgA increased (P < 0.05) on day 1 and 7 of lactation and tended to be greater (P = 0.06) on day 21 of lactation. No significant differences among the dietary treatments were observed in placental tissue mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), or the concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, or secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). Moreover, there was a decrease (P < 0.05) in stillborn in sows fed lysozyme diets. The diarrhea rate decreased (P < 0.05) and serum concentrations of IgA, IgG, IgM, and IL-10 increased (P < 0.05) in piglets from sows fed the diets containing lysozyme compared with piglets from sows fed the control diet. The serum concentrations of TP increased (P < 0.05), and albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) had a tendency to increase (P = 0.08, P = 0.06) in piglets from sows fed the diets containing lysozyme compared with piglets from sows fed the control diet. In conclusion, this study indicates that feeding sows diets supplemented with lysozyme from the late gestation through lactation stage increased sow ADFI during the lactation, shortened the WEI, and improved the maternal and offspring health status as indicated by immunological characteristics and a reduced incidence of diarrhea in piglets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme during late gestation and lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring1

Shi

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…In addition, the backfat thickness loss during lactation was significantly higher in the fat-supplemented sows in trial 1, which corresponds to a deteriorated energy balance as already reported by Schoenherr et al (1989) andvan den Brand et al (2000). Such results indicate that the extra energy intake supplied by lipids is of little interest for the sow itself as most fatty acids are transferred to the mammary glands and incorporated in milk lipids (Boyd et al, 1978;Jones et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This condition was met in trial 1 and resulted in a higher increase of ADG of litters than in trial 2 in which no extra fat was provided to sows before farrowing. According to Jones et al (2002) and Ramaekers (2003), litter growth performance is not influenced by fat content in the lactation diet when no creep feed is provided, and piglets are fatter at weaning. In our trials, creep feed was supplied during the last 3 weeks of lactation and a higher intake was observed in the L0 litters than in the L5 ones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary fat or starch supply during gestation and/or lactation on the performance of sows, piglets’ survival and on the performance of progeny after weaning

Quiniou

Richard

Mourot

et al. 2008

Animal

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Two trials were carried out to compare the effects of fat or starch inclusion in sow's diet on sow and litter performance. In each trial, sows were assigned to one of two treatments. In trial 1, the sows were fed diets containing either soybean oil (5%, treatment GL5) or cornstarch (11.3%, GL0) from day 35 of gestation to weaning. Daily net energy and nutrient allowance were equalised during gestation. In trial 2, the same treatments were applied only after farrowing (treatments L5 and L0, respectively). Within each trial, a batch of piglets was studied until slaughter. In trial 1, adipose cell development and total lipid content were determined on some pigs at weaning (n = 6/treatment) and at slaughter in dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue (n = 13/group at least) and in muscle (n = 46/group at least). Piglets' birth weight was not affected by treatment in trial 1. Survival rates at birth and after 24 h of life were higher in treatment GL5 (4.0% v. 7.5% stillborn piglets in GL0 treatment, P < 0.05; 8.7% v. 12.6% of piglets alive at 24 h of age died in treatment GL0, P = 0.06). Subsequently, overall survival rate until weaning was higher in treatment GL5 (81.4% v. 75.7% of total born piglets, P = 0.03), but litter size at weaning was not significantly affected (11.3). Litter growth rate before weaning was increased when a fat-enriched diet was provided during gestation and lactation (+140 g/day per litter; P < 0.01) and to a lower extent when provided only after farrowing (+90 g/day; P < 0.05). Energy supply through fat did not decrease the mobilisation of the sow's body reserve and backfat thickness loss was even higher with treatment GL5 (P < 0.05). After weaning, pigs' average daily gain, feed : gain ratio and carcass lean content were not affected by the energy source supplied before and/or after farrowing. At weaning, the number of adipose cells in the dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue and in the Longissimus dorsi muscle was higher in the GL5 pigs. Muscle lipid content at weaning did not differ between treatments, but it was higher at slaughter, around 110 kg, in the GL5 pigs (3.46% v. 2.58%, P < 0.001).

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“…Isolator reared pigs had body weights slightly lower than typically seen for sow reared pigs (Jones et al 2002).…”

Section: ---------------------------mentioning

confidence: 71%

Cloning of porcine proglucagon and effect of commensal bacteria on relative gene expression in the intestine of gnotobiotic pigs

Shirkey¹,

Drew²,

Laarveld³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2008. Cloning of porcine proglucagon and effect of commensal bacteria on relative gene expression in the intestine of gnotobiotic pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 88: 429Á438. Porcine proglucagon mRNA sequence was determined by designing primers based on homologous regions in bovine and human genes. The porcine sequence shared 90% nucleotide identity with human proglucagon; however, predicted Ser159Arg and Leu160Lys substitutions were observed. This newly identified sequence suggests that the intestinal trophic peptide, glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2), is actually 35 amino acids in the pig rather than 33 amino acids, as previously reported. To determine the effect of different bacteria on intestinal proglucagon gene expression, 16 piglets were reared in gnotobiotic isolators maintained germ-free (GF), monoassociated with Lactobacillus fermentum (LF) or Escherichia coli (EC), or conventionalized (CV) in two separate experiments for 13 d. Cultured cecal contents confirmed microbial status with the exception of GF pigs in exp. 2, which were contaminated with Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE). Mean fold differences in ileal proglucagon expression (CV set to 1) were 1.0ab, 1.6a, 0.7b, 1.0ab for GF, LF, EC and CV in exp. 1 and 4.0a, 2.0b, 0.6c, 1.0c for SE, LF, EC and CV groups in exp. 2, respectively. This study, for the first time, accurately describes the full nucleotide sequence for porcine proglucagon, and shows that proglucagon expression is differentially regulated by bacteria colonizing intestine of neonatal piglets.

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The effect of maize starch or soya-bean oil as energy sources in lactation on sow and piglet performance in association with sow metabolic state around peak lactation

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme during late gestation and lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring1

Effects of dietary supplementation with lysozyme during late gestation and lactation stage on the performance of sows and their offspring1

Effect of dietary fat or starch supply during gestation and/or lactation on the performance of sows, piglets’ survival and on the performance of progeny after weaning

Cloning of porcine proglucagon and effect of commensal bacteria on relative gene expression in the intestine of gnotobiotic pigs

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