The Effect of Local Rosuvastatin on Mandibular Fracture Healing

Abstract

Mandibular fracture is the most common injury seen in facial fractures and plays an important role for oral and maxillofacial surgery department. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of the local administration of rosuvastatin (RSV) on mandibular fracture healing in rats. Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups: group C-14 (control), group R-14, group C-28 (control), and group R-28. A unilateral standard vertical osteotomy was performed right side of the mandibula extending from the tooth to the mandibular basis for each animal. In groups C-14 and C-28 sterile saline treated absorbable collogen sponge was applied to the fracture area, in groups R-14 and R-28 absorbable collogen sponge with saline solution containing 1 mg RSV was applied to the fracture area. Animals in groups C-14 and R-14 were euthanized on the 14th day, groups C-28 and R-28 were euthanized on the 28th day after operation. Stereologic analyses were performed. New bone area and connective tissue volumes were measured. Stereologic analysis showed that group R-14 had significantly more new bone at 2 weeks compared with group C-14. Connective tissue volumes were also significantly higher in R-14. New bone and connective tissue volume differences were not statistically significant between groups C-28 and R-28. Locally administered RSV enhances early bone regeneration on mandibular fracture in rats.

The Application of Statins in the Regeneration of Bone Defects. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…These articles compare the non-introduction of filling material [9,10,12,15,16,20], and the introduction of phosphate-buffered saline [14,15,16,17,18,19], polylactic acid [8,12], collagen sponges [9,16,21], hyaluronic acid [11], polyethylene glycol [11,18], gelatin hydrogel [13,16,22] or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [17], with the introduction into the defect area of preparations containing statins [8,22].…”

“…The statin used and the dose were different depending on the study, with simvastatin being the most employed [8,9,10,12,13,16,17,19,20], followed by lovastatin [11,14,18,22]. Rosuvastatin [15,21] was used in only two of the articles.…”

“…In all the works [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22], the filling material was introduced at the time of the bone defect creation, except for one, in which a parallel experiment was carried out, in which the injections were made at the time of surgery, and at 14, 28 and 42 days [18].…”

“…The studied parameters can be grouped into radiological, histological and analytical, highlighting the amount of new bone [8,9,10,16,18,19,20,21], bone density [9,10,13,18], bone healing [11,12,13,14,15] and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) [8,10,13,16] as the most studied parameters.…”

“…Studies analyzing the effect of statins on the regeneration of non-periodontal bone defects are still mostly in the preclinical phase, and evaluate radiological, histological and analytical parameters to assess their impact [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22].…”