The Effect of Laser Nitriding on Surface Characteristics and Wear Resistance of NiTi Alloy with Low Power Fiber Laser

Abstract

The laser nitriding was performed in nitrogen gas at room temperature (20 °C) and low temperature (−190 °C) by a low power fiber laser to modify the wear and abrasion resistance of NiTi alloy. The surface roughness and element composition were analyzed by roughness device and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy respectively. The results of roughness show that laser treatment can change the surface roughness due to the laser remelting. The effect of laser nitriding on the microhardness, friction coefficient, and worn scars of NiTi alloy was also studied, which shows that the microhardness of the NiTi alloy increases after laser nitriding. The optical microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the surface of NiTi alloy after wear testing to observe the microstructure of worn scars. The results show that the laser nitriding with different parameters can induce a nitride layer with different thicknesses and the higher energy deposition is the key factor for the formation of the nitride layer, which can decrease the friction coefficient and reduce wear loss during the application of NiTi alloy. The improvement of wear resistance can be attributed to the hard nitriding layer.

Influence of Laser Modification on the Surface Character of Biomaterials: Titanium and Its Alloys—A Review

“…The papers of [160,161] indicated that laser treatment in a nitrogen environment caused the formation of TiN, which significantly improved the surface hardness and wear resistance of the materials. The increased wear resistance was explained by a decrease in the coefficient of friction [160]. The research of [161] indicated that the relative wear resistance increased by 1.7 times compared to a material without a laser treatment.…”