Influence of Laser Modification on the Surface Character of Biomaterials: Titanium and Its Alloys—A Review

Abstract

Laser surface modification is a widely available and simple technique that can be applied to different types of materials. It has been shown that by using a laser heat source, reproducible surfaces can be obtained, which is particularly important when developing materials for medical applications. The laser modification of titanium and its alloys is advantageous due to the possibility of controlling selected parameters and properties of the material, which offers the prospect of obtaining a material with the characteristics required for biomedical applications. This paper analyzes the effect of laser modification without material growth on titanium and its alloys. It addresses issues related to the surface roughness parameters, wettability, and corrosion resistance, and discusses how laser modification changes the hardness and wear resistance of materials. A thorough review of the literature on the subject provides a basis for the scientific community to develop further experiments based on the already investigated relationships between the effects of the laser beam and the surface at the macro, micro, and nano level.

Tribocorrosion and Surface Protection Technology of Titanium Alloys: A Review

“…Laser cladding refers to adding external materials to the molten pool formed with laser irradiation of the substrate, employing synchronous or preset materials and rapid solidification of the two to create a cladding layer [ 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 262 ]. The characteristics of laser cladding include: the cladding layer has low dilution but strong bonding force and is metallurgically bonded to the substrate, which can significantly improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and electrical characteristics of the substrate material surface to achieve the purpose of surface modification or repair, meet the specific performance requirements of the material surface, and save a lot of material costs [ 263 , 264 , 265 , 266 , 267 , 268 ].…”

Fabrication of Smart Materials Using Laser Processing: Analysis and Prospects

“…This method can be closely monitored and controlled to ensure consistent and high-quality surface modifications. It can be applied to a wide range of materials, including metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites [87][88][89]. These features make laser surface modification an effective technique for creating smart materials with customized surface properties that can intelligently respond to various impacting factors, offering diverse applications in engineering, electronics, medicine and biotechnology, as well as in other fields.…”

Study on the Microstructure and Properties of FeCoNiCrAl High-Entropy Alloy Coating Prepared by Laser Cladding-Remelting

“…Undoubtedly, repreparing the coating increases costs, so there is an urgent need to find a cost-effective solution. In order to repair surface defects and enhance material properties, laser modification technology is widely applied in the field of materials [13]. Laser remelting is a commonly used technique in laser modification.…”