The effect of knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training in the ACL-injured knee

Barcellona, Massimo; Morrissey, Matthew C.; Milligan, Peter; Clinton, Melissa; Amis, Andrew A.

doi:10.1007/s00167-014-3110-6

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The literature also agrees that strengthening the thigh muscles' muscles reduces anterior knee laxity [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery With Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Belloir¹,

Mazeas²,

Traullé³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Physiotherapy

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Background: Rehabilitation following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) will allow the patient to regain his functional capacities and support him in the resumption of sports activity. Rehabilitation also aims to minimize the recurrence risk, ensuring the good development of the patient's muscular capacities until returning to sport. Isokinetism allows the strengthening and evaluation of this muscular strength of the thigh muscle groups. Still, controversy exists about its use by resistance to knee extension in the open kinetic chain, which would cause the graft's distension. This study aims to determine the influence of muscle strengthening of the quadriceps in the open kinetic chain by using isokinetism on the possible laxity of the anterior cruciate ligament and being able to develop risk factors for it. Methods:The study is based on a population having benefited from an ACLR with a hamstring graft six months postoperatively. Two groups are differentiated; one group exposed to isokinetic during their rehabilitation, the other group, undergoing rehabilitation without the use of isokinetism is the unexposed group. An anterior knee laxity test is performed six months postoperatively using the unexposed group. According to the same protocol, the anterior knee laxity test is performed 6 months post-operatively using all subjects' GNRB® machine. The test results underwent statistical analysis to determine the relative risk of plastic surgery for each study group. Results:Comparing each group's results by a univariate analysis did not reveal any significant results. Multivariate analysis to show interactions between the study groups. It was found that the use of isokinetism would seem not to affect the risk of developing distension for the majority of subjects in the exposed group. A tendency towards protection was found for exposed subjects aged between 25 and 35 regarding the graft's distension. Also, a tendency to protection was found in the exposed subjects regarding an alteration of the graft leading to an anatomically comparable difference. Conclusion:The use of isokinetism does not seem to cause distension of the graft in patients operated on ACLR when this method is introduced three months postoperatively.

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“…The literature also agrees that strengthening the thigh muscles' muscles reduces anterior knee laxity [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery With Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Belloir¹,

Mazeas²,

Traullé³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Physiotherapy

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“…The literature also agrees that strengthening the muscles of the thigh muscles reduces anterior knee laxity (18,19) Also, a study by Barcellona et al (18) showed the results of an OKC knee strengthening program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery with Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Belloir¹,

Mazeas²,

Traullé³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring graft allows the patient to regain his functional capacities and to support him in the resumption of sports activities. Rehabilitation also aims to minimize the risk of recurrence, which is why it ensures that the patient's muscular capacities develop properly until they return to sport. Isokinetics helps strengthen and assess the strength of muscle groups in the thigh, but controversy exists as to its use by resistance to the open kinetic chain knee extension that would cause the transplant to distend. The objective of this study is to determine the influence of isokinetic muscle strengthening on the possible laxity of the anterior cruciate ligament and to be able to determine risk factors. The study relates to a population having benefited from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring graft from 3 to 6 months after surgery. Two groups are differentiated, one group exposed to isokinetism during rehabilitation, the other group, named unexposed, undergoes rehabilitation without the use of isokinetism. An anterior knee laxity test is performed 6 months postoperatively using the GNRB® machine for all subjects according to the same protocol. The test results were statistically analyzed to determine a relative risk of transplant distension for each group in the study. Comparison of the results of each group by univariate analysis did not reveal any significant result. Multivariate analysis showed interactions in the two strata of the study. It was argued that the use of isokinetics seems to have no effect on the risk of developing distension for the majority of subjects in the exposed group. A tendency towards transplant protection was perceived for each variable except the age under 25 years (RRa = 1.07). The use of isokinetics does not appear to be a cause of transplant distension in patients undergoing an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when this method is introduced 3 months postoperatively.

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“…All the participants exposed to stimulation were able to complete addition repetitions; ES = 4 ± 2 and MS = 7 ± 6, range (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). No significant difference between the number of additional repetitions for the ES and MS groups were observed (p = 0.187) ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Resistance training is frequently used to promote muscle hypertrophy, strength and knee laxity. Electrical stimulation (ES) and magnetic stimulation (MS) have been used as an adjunct to athletic training [1][2][3], although it is more commonly used as a rehabilitation therapy to promote quadriceps strength after surgery [4][5][6][7], quadriceps hypertrophy [8], to investigate different types of muscle fatigue [9], daily functional activities after stroke [10], and osteoarthritis patients [11,12]. However, the evidence concerning the usefulness of peripheral stimuli as an adjunct to training programmes for enhancing muscle hypertrophy, strength, knee laxity and training healthy people is not conclusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation to Augment Resistance Training

Abulhasan

Rumble

Morgan

et al. 2016

JFMK

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Electrical stimulation (ES) and magnetic stimulation (MS), applied peripherally, may be used to elicit muscle contractions to increase muscle hypertrophy, increase muscle strength and reduce knee laxity in rehabilitation following injury. We aimed to examine the effect of a three-week exercise programme designed to induce muscle hypertrophy augmented by peripheral ES and MS. We hypothesised that the use of peripheral stimulation to augment voluntary drive during a resistance-training protocol would induce more repetitions thus leading to increased thigh circumference, muscle layer thickness, and quadriceps strength whilst decreasing knee laxity. Thirty healthy participants were divided randomly into either ES, MS or Control groups. Five resistance training sessions were carried out, consisting of four sets of quadriceps extensions. During the first three sets the participants performed eight repetitions at 85% of their 1-repetition maximum (1-RM). On the last set, the participants were instructed to perform the exercise until failure. The augmentation of peripheral stimuli allowed the MS and ES groups to continue to exercise producing, on average, 4 ± 2 and 7 ± 6 additional repetitions with ES and MS, respectively. Following the training, significant increases were observed for both 1-RM (p = 0.005) and muscle layer thickness (p = 0.031) whilst no change was observed in thigh circumference (p = 0.365). Knee laxity decreased (p = 0.005). However, there were no significant differences in the stimulation groups compared with control for any of these measurements. The additional repetitions elicited by stimulation after the point of failure suggests that peripheral electrical and/or magnetic stimulation may be useful as an adjunct for resistance training. However, this effect of resistance training augmented by peripheral stimulation on hypertrophy, strength and knee laxity may be small

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The effect of knee extensor open kinetic chain resistance training in the ACL-injured knee

Abstract: Randomised controlled trial, Level II.

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery With Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery With Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Influence of the Open Kinetic Chain on the Distension of the Transplant after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery with Hamstring Graft: Search for Risk Factors

Peripheral Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation to Augment Resistance Training

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