Background: For years, the rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been a feared injury in young soccer players since it causes physiological and psychological changes while incurring significant economic losses. Methods: Through clinical research, understanding the mechanisms and identifying risk factors has enabled sports and performance professionals to establish robust models to predict and reduce the risk of ACL injury. Developments in medical devices also allow a more precise, more objective assessment and improve the traceability of the various quantitative and qualitative parameters necessary to detect the risk of ACL injury. Results: While general preventive protocols have shown evidence for an overall reduction in injury, there are still limitations regarding ACL injury. Therefore, we can collect personalized data from these models and the variables involved, predict, prevent, and program performance throughout the season. Additionally, the multi-professional team supervising the athlete must establish a close relationship centered on feeling and listening to the player who remains in control of his performance. Conclusion: Let the players decide on their career and not an injury.
Background:The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is the most common sports injury. Surgery is often proposed, but single-leg and double-leg static postural disorders have been discovered several months after surgery. Our aims are to compare postural disorders after ligament reconstruction by hamstring tendon graft in the three months after surgery to those caused by aging. Methods: 2 groups of subjects underwent bilateral and unilateral postural tests. An analysis of the center of pressure's displacement is carried out for each test. Results: Comparison of the two groups shows no significant difference for the injured leg on the unilateral and bilateral tests only (p-value>0,05). Conclusion:Postural alteration after an ACL reconstruction on the injured leg and bilateral posture can be compared to postural disorders caused by age.
Background: Rehabilitation following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) will allow the patient to regain his functional capacities and support him in the resumption of sports activity. Rehabilitation also aims to minimize the recurrence risk, ensuring the good development of the patient's muscular capacities until returning to sport. Isokinetism allows the strengthening and evaluation of this muscular strength of the thigh muscle groups. Still, controversy exists about its use by resistance to knee extension in the open kinetic chain, which would cause the graft's distension. This study aims to determine the influence of muscle strengthening of the quadriceps in the open kinetic chain by using isokinetism on the possible laxity of the anterior cruciate ligament and being able to develop risk factors for it. Methods:The study is based on a population having benefited from an ACLR with a hamstring graft six months postoperatively. Two groups are differentiated; one group exposed to isokinetic during their rehabilitation, the other group, undergoing rehabilitation without the use of isokinetism is the unexposed group. An anterior knee laxity test is performed six months postoperatively using the unexposed group. According to the same protocol, the anterior knee laxity test is performed 6 months post-operatively using all subjects' GNRB® machine. The test results underwent statistical analysis to determine the relative risk of plastic surgery for each study group. Results:Comparing each group's results by a univariate analysis did not reveal any significant results. Multivariate analysis to show interactions between the study groups. It was found that the use of isokinetism would seem not to affect the risk of developing distension for the majority of subjects in the exposed group. A tendency towards protection was found for exposed subjects aged between 25 and 35 regarding the graft's distension. Also, a tendency to protection was found in the exposed subjects regarding an alteration of the graft leading to an anatomically comparable difference. Conclusion:The use of isokinetism does not seem to cause distension of the graft in patients operated on ACLR when this method is introduced three months postoperatively.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear is currently a main issue in all of sports communities. Although the number of ACL injuries in football remains low, it’s consequences on both professional and personal lives remain a major concern of rehabilitation. If practitioners often require more time to bring athletes in the best condition, the fact remains that this concept of time before return to sport is nowadays considered as obsolete. Indeed, the better understanding of the mechanisms of lesion and the strains placed on the graft after reconstruction, allow us to establish a personalized program based on clinical criteria and the patient's objectives. The current scientific literature allows us today to optimize the return to play and performance by the use of neuromotor and neurocognitive approaches, muscle strengthening methods and a preventive program necessary to cover the previous level of the players while taking into account physiological and psychological changes due to ACL reconstruction. Indeed, it is important to have a systemic approach centered on the patient, the sports movement, as close as possible to the field in order to find an optimal function of the knee in interaction with its environment.If there is a risk of reinjury of the ACL, it appears important to be able to identify the risk factors so that the player can return to play in optimal conditions.
Background: the deformation of the hallux into a valgus constitutes the most frequent deformation of the forefoot and one of the most performed corrective surgeries in the region. This deformation is the cause of many biomechanical disorders and causes gait disturbances. This review aims to analyze the restoration of space-time and kinematic parameters of walking in the aftermath of corrective surgery for hallux valgus. Methods: four studies were analyzed according to the main criteria of walking speed, support time, step length and kinematics of the ankle and foot before and after the intervention. Results: If some of the results obtained in the analyzed works show an improvement of these criteria in post-operative, the subjects having benefited from hallux valgus surgery seem to present some persistent issues in the spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters. Conclusion: This work does not demonstrate the superiority of one surgical technique over another in the recovery of gait. This recovery does not seem absolute, but this review highlights above all the lack of literature on this subject.
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