The effect of insulating coatings on exploding wire plasma formation

Sinars, Daniel Brian; Shelkovenko, T. A.; Pikuz, S. A.; Hu, Min; Romanova, V. M.; Chandler, K. M.; Greenly, J. B.; Hammer, D. A.; Kusse, B. R.

doi:10.1063/1.873825

Cited by 105 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Such profiles are relevant to both wire and gas-puff initiation. Qualitatively similar profiles have been inferred from experiment 11,12 and are seen in one-dimensional ͑1D͒ simulations of wire initiation. 13 A relevant model equilibrium is a skin current with density and temperature profiles given by nϭn 0 /͑1ϩ␣r l /a l ͒, TϭT 0 ͑ 1ϩ␣r l /a l ͒.…”

Section: ͑2͒supporting

confidence: 72%

Growth rates of the m=0 mode for Bennett equilibria with varying radial density and temperature profiles

Stoltz

Oliver

2001

Physics of Plasmas

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The linear growth of axisymmetric (m=0) perturbations for various Bennett pinch equilibria are studied numerically with the ALEGRA-MHD code [A. C. Robinson, C. J. Garasi, T. A. Haill, R. L. Morse, and P. H. Stoltz, Proceedings of the 26th IEEE Conference on Plasma Science (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 1999), p. 306]. Growth rates are calculated for both skin and diffuse current profiles with varied density and temperature profiles. A destabilizing effect of radially increasing temperature profiles is presented. A factor of three increase in the growth rate over a constant-temperature equilibrium is noted for an equilibrium which is ten times hotter on the edge than at the core. A qualitative explanation is given in terms of the sound speed in the radial region where the mode resides.

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Section: ͑2͒supporting

confidence: 72%

Growth rates of the m=0 mode for Bennett equilibria with varying radial density and temperature profiles

Stoltz

Oliver

2001

Physics of Plasmas

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“…The gasification of single wires has been investigated, including by short, nanosecond length current pulses. Aluminum wires were relatively easy to be heated to a gaseous state due to their low atomization entropy, low electron emissivity, and the aluminum oxide layer covered on the surface of the wire, 7,8 while the gasification of the high-Z refractory elements was more difficult. With the help of insulated coatings, the atomization of the high-Z materials (e.g., tungsten and platinum) has been fulfilled partially.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomization and merging of two Al and W wires driven by a 1 kA, 10 ns current pulse

et al. 2016

Physics of Plasmas

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Possibility of preconditioning of wires in wire array Z-pinch loads by an auxiliary low-level current pulse was investigated in experiments with two aluminum or two polyimide-coated tungsten wires. It was found that the application of a 1 kA, 10 ns current pulse could convert all the length of the Al wires (1 cm long, 15 μm diameter) and ∼70% of length of the W wires (1 cm long, 15 μm diameter, 2 μm polyimide coating) into a gaseous state via ohmic heating. The expansion and merging of the wires, positioned at separations of 1–3 mm, were investigated with two-wavelength (532 nm and 1064 nm) laser interferometry. The gasified wire expanded freely in a vacuum and its density distribution at different times could be well described using an analytic model for the expansion of the gas into vacuum. Under an energy deposition around its atomization enthalpy of the wire material, the aluminum vapor column had an expansion velocity of 5–7 km/s, larger than the value of ∼4 km/s from tungsten wires. The dynamic atomic polarizabilities of tungsten for 532 nm and 1064 nm were also estimated.

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“…Experimental studies of the nanosecond EEC (at current densities of > 10 8 А/cm 2 ) [2][3][4] have disclosed that in the explosion of the conductor in vacuum a low-density plasma corona surrounding a more dense core and strata with a wavelength of several tens of microns are formed. The occurrence of these strata can not be credited to the development of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities of the sausage type (m=0), since in a nanosecond EEC the times of energy delivery to the conductor are shorter than the characteristic times in which this type of instabilities evolves.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Thermal Instabilities on Electrical Explosion of Thin Metal Wires

Oreshkin¹,

Baksht²,

Ratakhin³

et al. 2006

AIP Conference Proceedings

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An electrical explosion of thin metal wires at a current rise time of several tens of nanoseconds and at a current density of ∼10 8 A/cm 2 was studied. A two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic code based on the particle-in-cell method is used to calculate the formation of striations and a low-density plasma corona surrounding the wire.Recent interest in the electrical explosion of conductors (EEC) in the nanosecond range stems from successful experiments with imploded wire arrays for soft X-ray production on the Z-setup [1]. Experimental studies of the nanosecond EEC (at current densities of > 10 8 А/cm 2 ) [2-4] have disclosed that in the explosion of the conductor in vacuum a low-density plasma corona surrounding a more dense core and strata with a wavelength of several tens of microns are formed. The occurrence of these strata can not be credited to the development of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities of the sausage type (m=0), since in a nanosecond EEC the times of energy delivery to the conductor are shorter than the characteristic times in which this type of instabilities evolves. In [5] it has been shown that in these modes strata with such a wavelength may result from the development of overheat instabilities. In this work, the conditions for the formation of this type of strata have been investigated by numerical simulation of the electrical explosion of aluminum and tungsten microconductors.To simulate the explosion of conductors, the MHD program JULIA based on the PIC method was used [5]. This program allows simulating the EEC in the twodimensional approximation. In this program, the system of MHD equations has the form:∂ρ + ∇(ρv ) = 0 ;(1) ∂t ∂v 1 ρ + ρ(v∇)v = −∇p + [ ]

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The effect of insulating coatings on exploding wire plasma formation

Cited by 105 publications

References 4 publications

Growth rates of the m=0 mode for Bennett equilibria with varying radial density and temperature profiles

Growth rates of the m=0 mode for Bennett equilibria with varying radial density and temperature profiles

Atomization and merging of two Al and W wires driven by a 1 kA, 10 ns current pulse

Effect of the Thermal Instabilities on Electrical Explosion of Thin Metal Wires

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