The effect of ink types and printing processes on flotation deinking efficiency of wastepaper recycling

Nie, Xiansheng; Miller, Jan D.; Yeboah, Yaw D.

doi:10.1007/s100220050005

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This process might lead to chemical bonding between the cellulose fiber and the new larger ink particles and to physical entrapment of the cellulose fiber within the large ink particles. Of course, the oxidation creates a greater polarity at the ink surface [7]. This situation has a negative impact on the recycling and deinking of waste office paper fibers, but it may be advantageous in plastic composite manufacturing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Ink Presence on Mechanical, Physical, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Office and Newspaper Fiber-Polypropylene Composites

Peşman

Güleç

2019

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In this study the effects of ink (offset and toner) presence on the mechanical, physical, morphological and thermal properties of newspaper-and office paper fiber-plastic composites were investigated. Printed and unprinted newspaper and office paper fibers were mixed with recycled polypropylene at 50 % by weight fiber loading. The samples were produced with extrusion and compression moulding. The mechanical properties, water absorption and thermal resistances of unprinted and printed newspaper-and office paper fiber-polypropylene composites were compared. In addition, samples were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The obtained results showed that ink presence in the fiber matrix enhanced the water resistance and mechanical properties of fiber plastic composites. Due to ink formulation and fiber characteristics, better results were obtained with printed office paper fiberplastic composites than with printed newspaper fiber-plastic composites. Scanning electron microscopy investigation also confirmed the good interaction between polypropylene and toner-printed office paper fiber. Moreover, differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that higher crystallization (χcor) values on printed office paper-and newspaper fiber-plastic composites. This work demonstrated that undeinked waste paper fibers could be effectively used as the reinforcing filler in thermoplastic matrices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polymerization causes a strong chemical and physical bonding with cellulose fibers and creates larger-sized particles. The oxidation creates a greater polarity at the toner particle surface [7]. These two factors make the flotation process difficult, and therefore, the use of specific aids and different processes becomes necessary.…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Ink Presence on Mechanical, Physical, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Office and Newspaper Fiber-Polypropylene Composites

Peşman

Güleç

2019

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“…Laserprinter toner is composed of iron oxide blended with a styrene-acrylate copolymer. [42] When a substrate passes through a laser printer, toner is initially deposited as a powder, which is then melted as it passes through a heater. The melted toner adheres to the copper and is insoluble in ferric chloride solution, allowing it to serve as an etch mask for electrode fabrication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Prototyping in Copper Substrates for Digital Microfluidics

Abdelgawad

Wheeler

2006

Advanced Materials

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Microfluidics, a technology based on enclosed, micrometerdimension channels, first became popular in the early 1990s [1,2] as a tool for miniaturizing chemical analyses. Recently, a new form of "digital microfluidics" (DMF) has emerged, in which droplets of liquid are manipulated on an array of electrodes by means of electrowetting [3,4] and/or dielectrophoresis. [5][6][7][8] There is currently much enthusiasm for DMF, [9] as the device geometry seems a perfect match for array-based biochemical applications, such as enzyme assays [10,11] and profiling proteomics. [12][13][14] Despite this enthusiasm, the arduous procedure required to fabricate DMF devices, which typically requires metal deposition, photolithography, wet-etching, deposition or thermal growth of a dielectric layer, and deposition of a hydrophobic coating, [3,4,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] is a barrier to its growth and development. Consequently, DMF devices are limited to use in a few laboratories worldwide.The availability of an accessible microfabrication technique is critical for the growth and continued development of DMF. An analogy can be made to the state of conventional, channel-based microfluidics in the mid-1990s. A database search reveals that approximately eight articles per year were published on the subject of channel microfluidics in 1992-1998; this number exploded to approximately 53 articles per year in 1999-2000.[20] This jump in popularity, which has greatly expanded the scope and range of applications for channel microfluidics, was driven in part by increased accessibility resulting from rapid prototyping microfabrication methods. [21][22][23] We report here, for the first time, two rapid prototyping techniques for the fabrication of DMF chips, making use of commercially available printed circuit board (PCB) substrates. In the first method, actuation electrodes were patterned on PCB substrates by using photolithography, in a manner similar to what has been reported for other applications. [24,25] This method is fast, inexpensive, and easy relative to conventional microfabrication. In the second technique, actuation electrodes were patterned directly onto substrates using a desktop laser printer; this method enabled ultra-highthroughput fabrication. We anticipate that these methods will increase the accessibility of DMF, an effect that will significantly expand the impact of this promising technology. The first rapid prototyping method, relying on photolithography, was used to form devices from two kinds of substrates: industrial-grade flexible sheets (9 lm thick copper on 50 lm polyimide) and low-grade inflexible boards (35 lm thick copper). Prior to use, devices were coated with Parylene-C (see Experimental section) or poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) as a dielectric layer, and then coated with Teflon-AF. Devices formed in this manner were used to actuate droplets sandwiched between two plates, as depicted in Figure 1a. This configuration is the most popular, as it is capable of performing all of the critical fluidic oper...

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“…The material consists of large particles with an average diameter of 20 μm and possesses a relatively low bond temperature of approximately 200°C [11]. It has been observed, for instance, that under the conditions used for ablation, our laser device did sinter desired patterns on glass and PDMS, but these always present a narrow canal where toner has been removed at the centre of the patterns where the laser was focused.…”

Section: Laser Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different high-precision laser direct writing methods exist to fabricate tridimensional features on a substrate with a focused laser beam at a correct optical power. Laser ablation consists in locally removing material from a substrate [7][8][9][10], whereas sintering only requires sufficient heat to promote adhesion and bonding [11]. Micro/nanoparticles laser sintering is also reporting promising results in miniaturization towards nanotechnology rapid-prototyping [2,[12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of a digital-versatile-disc pickup head for benchtop laser microfabrication

et al. 2012

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Laser microfabrication is now offering interesting solutions to rapidly produce high-resolution photomasks or microstructures. However, most works require expensive commercial lasers and computer numerical control platforms, limiting its use by a large public. In this paper, we report the construction of a simple, custom-made, easily reproducible, automated laser system, based on a DVD optical pickup head. A user-friendly computer interface specifically designed to operate a motorized three-axis platform with micrometric precision controls focus distance and in-plane displacements. Writing performance characterization for both direct ablation and sintering of commercial black toner demonstrated flexibility in tridimensional microfabrication resolution and speed thanks to precise management of laser power and exposure time, with a minimal resolution of 3.1 μm.

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The effect of ink types and printing processes on flotation deinking efficiency of wastepaper recycling

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

The Effects of Ink Presence on Mechanical, Physical, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Office and Newspaper Fiber-Polypropylene Composites

The Effects of Ink Presence on Mechanical, Physical, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Office and Newspaper Fiber-Polypropylene Composites

Rapid Prototyping in Copper Substrates for Digital Microfluidics

Utilization of a digital-versatile-disc pickup head for benchtop laser microfabrication

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