The effect of imposed watet stress on the development and ultrastructure of wheat chloroplasts

Freeman, Thomas; Duysen, Murray E.

doi:10.1007/bf01289336

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…The fact that similar phenomena also appear in plants collected in their natural habitat and immediately fixed rules out the possibility that the protrusions may be due to stresses caused by cultivation in pots as hypothesized for other types of stresses by NICHOLS et al (1967) and by FREEMAN and DUYSEN (1975).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Several electron microscope researches have confirmed that plastids are frequently subject to amoeboid phenomena, which result both in the emission of variously shaped protrusions and in the formation of deep invaginations which may englobe some cytoplasm and also organelles. These phenomena, which are occasionally found in mature chloroplasts of healthy plants (in maize and in barley, VESK et al 1965; in some species of Oenothera, DIERS 1965, ScHOTZ et al 1971;in Vicia faba, WEINTRAUB and RA-GETLI 1966 GEROLA et al 1966;in LMVinfected Ocymum basilicum, FAVALI and CONTI 1970;see also GEROLA 1967), and in plastids of plants which have been subject to various kinds of stress (in starvation stressed degenerating cells of Nicotiana glutinosa, RAGETLI et al 1970; in seedling leaves of Triticum aestivum subjected to osmotic stress, FREEMAN and DuYSEN 1975).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chloroplast Protrusions inArisarum Proboscideum(L.) Savi

Bonzi

Fabbri

1975

Caryologia

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast Protrusions inArisarum Proboscideum(L.) Savi

Bonzi

Fabbri

1975

Caryologia

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“…Mild water deficits have been shown to impair the formation of plastid pigments (6,9,33) and modify chloroplast development (7,13) in intact leaves of seedlings during greening. An imposed stress of -10 bars reduced Chl and carotenoid accumulations early in the development of chloroplasts (9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Restoration of the High Rate of Plastid Pigment Development and the Ultrastructure of Plastids in Detached Water-stressed Wheat Leaves

Duysen¹,

Freeman²

1975

Plant Physiol.

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Detached etiolated wheat (Triticumn aestivum L. cv. Chris) leaves accumulated plastid pigments at a high rate, developed chloroplasts with stacked thylakoids, and stored plastid starch when wetted on filter paper in light. A moderate water deficit of -10 bars markedly reduced the accumulation of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the 8-day-old detached leaves during greening. 6-Aminolevulinic acid treatment of stressed leaf segments resulted in slightly increased pigment accumulations but benzyladenine application restored plastid pigment formation in stressed tissue to within 15% of the pigment content of the nonstressed detached leaves. The addition of 6-aminolevulinic acid to benzyladenine-treated stressed leaf segments improved both chlorophyll and carotenoid formation to nearly the amounts found in nonstressed leaf tissue. Stressed leaf sections developed plastids that were small, lacked starch, contained few thylakoids per granum, and possessed dilated thylakoids.Benzyladenine application to the stressed leaf segments did not restore normal plastid stacking but benzyladenine induced the formation of extended intergranal lamellae and stimulated pigment accumulations in both stressed and nonstressed detached leaves. Starch was absent in plastids of benzyladeninetreated leaf sections.Mild water deficits have been shown to impair the formation of plastid pigments (6, 9, 33) and modify chloroplast development (7, 13) in intact leaves of seedlings during greening. An imposed stress of -10 bars reduced Chl and carotenoid accumulations early in the development of chloroplasts (9). Plastids of wheat leaves subjected to a moderate stress were small and contained fewer grana per plastid, fewer thylakoids per granum, and more dilated thylakoids (13) than when there was little or no stress.

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“…As the water content of the leaves had also decreased dramatically, it seems that these changes were at least partly due to water stress, although opinions difiFer somewhat concerning the eifect of water stress on the chl content and chl a/b ratio, on the chlorophyll-protein complexes and on the chloroplast ultrastructure (see Osmond, Bjorkman & Anderson, 1980). Moreover, many effects of water stress, such as a possible decrease in the chl content (Freeman & Duysens, 1975;Alberte, Thornber & Fiscus, 1977) or increase in the number and size of plastoglobuli (Vapaavuori, Korpilahti & Nurmi, 1984) are the same as the changes seen during ageing and senescence of the leaves (e.g. Harris & Arnott, 1973;Tuquet & Newman, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DIEL AND SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE CHLOROPLAST ULTRASTRUCTURE OF DESCHAMPSIA FLEXUOSA (L.) TRIN.

Aro¹,

Korhonen²,

Rintamäki³

et al. 1985

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYChloroplast ultrastructure was studied during the season of main growth on leaves of Deschampsia fiexuosa (L.) Trin. collected from the wild in South Finland, Corresponding leaf segments were used for concurrent measurements of the Oj evolution rate, chlorophyll (chl) content and chl a/b ratio. No significant diel variation was observed in the content or arrangement of grana thylakoids but fluctuation was evident in the volume of starch grains. The seasonal changes in thylakoid organization were more marked. At the beginning of June higher values than in typical sun species were recorded for the ratio of the length of appressed to non-appressed thylakoid membranes (IS), the average number of partitions per granum (9-5) and the grana area (31 % of the chloroplast area). All these parameters increased as the season progressed, especially after the middle of July. The chl content and chl a/b ratio decreased until the middle of August, but later in August, after rain, new leaves had a chl content and chl a/b ratio as high as at the beginning of June. In contrast, chtoroplast ultrastructure remained typical for this late growth period. The highest photosynthetic capacity was measured during the two first weeks in June. At the beginning of July this capacity had decreased by 61 %, and stayed low until the end of the experimental period. The changes in chloroplast ultrastructure are discussed in relation to the photosynthetic activity and the composition of the chlorophyll-protein complexes in appressed and non-appressed thylakoid membranes.

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The effect of imposed watet stress on the development and ultrastructure of wheat chloroplasts

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Chloroplast Protrusions inArisarum Proboscideum(L.) Savi

Chloroplast Protrusions inArisarum Proboscideum(L.) Savi

Partial Restoration of the High Rate of Plastid Pigment Development and the Ultrastructure of Plastids in Detached Water-stressed Wheat Leaves

DIEL AND SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE CHLOROPLAST ULTRASTRUCTURE OF DESCHAMPSIA FLEXUOSA (L.) TRIN.

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