The effect of immobilization of heparin and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) to titanium surfaces on inflammation and osteoblast function

Polydopamine-assisted functionalization of heparin and vancomycin onto microarc-oxidized 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V for improved hemocompatibility, osteogenic and anti-infection potencies

“…MAO has already been proven an efficient, convenient method suitable for the nanostructuring of macroporous surfaces [10]. Next, vancomycin and heparin were immobilized on the macro/nanoporous surfaces pre-modified assisted by a PDA layer, as originated from the self-polymerization of dopamine and bound tightly to TiO 2 [22].The self-polymerized PDA layer is stable and biocompatible, but has poor blood compatibility, which restricts the clinically application to some extent. Heparin has been widely used for improving the blood compatibility of implant coating in clinic and possesses tremendous advantages, such as anti-inflammatory properties, significant effects on cell proliferation, and promotion of angiogenesis.…”

“…To date, heparin-functionalized biomaterial systems have displayed significant merits for loading and controlled release of collagen, antibiotics, growth factors (e.g., VEGF, β-FGF, TGF-β) and other biomolecules due to the dynamic binding interplays (ionic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic forces, etc.) between heparin and these substances [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Importantly, as heparin has mutual solubility in common antibiotics (e.g., vancomycin, gentamicin) and can interact actively with them [26][27][28], it has been applied as a viable antibiotic lock solution for long-term therapy of catheter-related blood stream infections.…”

Multifunctional biomaterial coatings: synthetic challenges and biological activity

“…In most of the approaches electrostatic interactions are used to graft GAGs on positively charged peptides or proteins as collagen (Wieduwild et al, 2013;Miron et al, 2014). Other strategies covalently link GAGs by their functionalities like carboxyl and amino groups (Kim et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2012;Ao et al, 2013). Anchored in the cell membrane, proteoglycans (e.g.…”

“…(B) Heparin was immobilized covalently by silanization. This enabled the accumulation and simultaneously the gradual release of the growth factor BMP-2 (PDB: 3BMP) to promote osteogenic differentiation (Kim et al, 2011). (C) Collagen fibers were adsorbed on titanium and grafted with the proteoglycan decorin.…”

“…Anti-inflammatory effects were conveyed by heparin since mRNA levels of TNF-α and Il-6 were down-regulated on coated titanium, compared to controls. The electrostatic adsorption and subsequent slow release of BMP-2 promoted proliferation and mineralization of premature osteoblasts (MG-63) (Kim et al, 2011). To improve blood compatibility and endothelialization of vascular materials as titanium, a layer-by-layer system was built up consisting of heparin, VEGF and fibronectin (Table 4, line h).…”