The Effect of Identity Conflict/Facilitation on the Experience of Constraints to Leisure and Constraint Negotiation

An investigation of virtual golf in the Republic of Korea from a marketing perspective.

“…After performing two exploratory factor analyses, the dimensions contained six sub-dimensions: (a) social, (b) health, (c) skill/confidence, (d) cost, (e) weather, and (f) time. However, in spite of the reconstructed factor structure fitting into this study, considering the fact that Jun and Kyle (2011a) developed the survey scales to investigate only actual golf, focusing on both actual and virtual golf might be a methodological limitation of this study.…”

“…In this way, leisure constraint research has continuously evolved through theoretical development (Jun & Kyle, 2011a, 2011bJun, Kyle, & Mowen, 2009;Lyu & Oh, 2014;Lyu, Oh, & Lee, 2013;White, 2008) in spite of definitional (Crawford et al, 1991;Crawford & Godbey, 1987;Jackson, 1991), conceptual (Henderson, 1997), and methodological concerns (Allender, Cowburn, & Foster, 2006;Henderson, Stalnaker, & Taylor, 1988;Jackson & Dunn, 1988). Based on theoretical development, previous research (Murray & Howat, 2002;Yu et al, 2014) found that various leisure constraints limited individuals' leisure participation.…”

“…This study applied survey dimensions of leisure constraints from Jun and Kyle (2011a). After performing two exploratory factor analyses, the dimensions contained six sub-dimensions: (a) social, (b) health, (c) skill/confidence, (d) cost, (e) weather, and (f) time.…”

“…As recent society has become more complicated, social identity theory has been a significant concept in leisure constraint research because an individual should have several social identities (e.g., father, friend, and others) (Jun & Kyle, 2011a). Based on a premise that an individual's behavior was dependent on identity, to understand effects of accumulated social identities, two different perspectives were developed: (a) identity conflict and (b) identity facilitation (Jun & Kyle, 2011a) (Figure 5).…”

“…Based on a premise that an individual's behavior was dependent on identity, to understand effects of accumulated social identities, two different perspectives were developed: (a) identity conflict and (b) identity facilitation (Jun & Kyle, 2011a) (Figure 5). The concept of two perspectives suggested that an individual's multiple social identities might be disadvantageous (identity conflict) or advantageous (identity facilitation).…”