The effect of Cornus mas fruit extract consumption on lipid profile, glycemic indices, and leptin in postmenopausal women— A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Menopause, which occurs following a declined ovarian activity and reduced estrogen levels, can lead to long‐term changes in lipid and glycemic profiles and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) is rich in phytochemicals and antioxidants, which appears to be useful in reducing the postmenopausal complications. This interventional, double‐blinded, randomized clinical trial carried out on 84 menopaused women aged 45–60 years old. They were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group received three capsules of 300 mg of Cornus mas extract (CME), and control group received three capsules of 300 mg of starch powder per day for 8 weeks. Then, BMI, waist circumference, glycemic indices, lipid profile, serum apoproteinase, apoprotein B100, fibrinogen, and leptin were measured. The dietary intakes were evaluated using 24‐hr dietary recall questionnaire. The consumption of CME in comparison with the control group resulted in a significant reduction in weight, body mass index, waist circumference, LDL to HDL ratio, total cholesterol to HDL ratio, and fibrinogen. There was also a significant increase in HDL and ApoA1 levels in the treatment group. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in BMI, waist circumference, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance index after 8 weeks of using CME. Summing up the results, it can be concluded that CME can have possible effects on decreasing BMI, waist circumference, and improving some aspects of lipid profile and glycemic indices in postmenopausal women.

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the impact of cornelian cherry consumption on blood lipid profiles

“…The lipid‐lowering effect of cornelian cherries may be due to their impact on glucose metabolism. Both animal and human studies have shown that supplementation with cornelian cherries can be an effective means of reducing blood glucose levels in those with hyperglycemia (Gholamrezayi et al., 2019 ; Soltani et al, 2015 ), increasing insulin sensitivity and improving insulin resistance (Gholamrezayi et al., 2019 ). Based on the observed results, it has been proposed that insulin resistance of the adipocytes can cause an increase in the release of fatty acids into the circulation.…”

“…Consequently, the decrease in blood glucose levels leads to an increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP, which reduces the TG concentration in the blood (Sutherland & Robison, 1969 ; Wu et al, 2012 ). Hence, considering the valuable role of cornelian cherries in glucose homeostasis, it has been suggested that supplementation with this kind of cherry may reduce blood serum levels of triglycerides (Gholamrezayi et al., 2019 ; Soltani et al, 2015 ). Cornelian cherries are known to contain a range of phytochemicals, such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins (Milenković‐Anđelković et al, 2015 ), which may exhibit inhibitory activities on HMG‐CoA reductase through their ability to bind and inactivate enzymes (Ademosun et al., 2015 ; Baskaran et al., 2015 ; Lee et al., 2003 ).…”

“…The ability of cornelian cherries to reduce blood TG levels after six weeks of intervention has also been shown in a clinical trial carried out on adults with type‐2 diabetes (Soltani et al, 2015 ). However, no significant effects of cornelian cherry consumption were reported on the blood lipid levels in postmenopausal women (Gholamrezayi et al., 2019 ). Therefore, the effect of cornelian cherry supplementation on lipid profiles is currently inconclusive, and there are inconsistencies between the results of different studies.…”

Antosiyanince Zengin Kiraz Grubu Meyvelerin İnsan Sağlığı Üzerine Etkilerini İnceleyen Klinik Çalışmalara Bir Bakış

“…Yukarıda bahsedilen biyoaktif bileşenler dışında, yüksek oranda C vitamini içermekte olan bu gruptaki meyveler, β karoten, A vitamini, E vitamini ile potasyum başta olmak üzere mineral açısından da oldukça zenginlerdir 23,36,37 39,40,42,[48][49][50] , anti-inflamatuar 43,44,[46][47][48][49] , anti diyabetik 54,55 , hipolipidemik 16,[53][54][55] , artrit ve endotelyal disfonksiyon 43,57,58 ile hipertansiyon [60][61][62] üzerine pozitif etki…”

“…Dislipideminin vasküler bütünlüğü, yapısını ve fonksiyonunu bozabileceği gösterilmiştir16 . Kiraz grubu kırmızı meyvelerin yüksek antioksidan ve anti-inflamatuar etkilerinden dolayı DM hastalığı ve lipid bozukluklarını iyileştirmede etkin oldukları düşünülmektedir16,[53][54][55] . Jafari ve ark.,53 2008 yılındaki çalışmalarında T2DM hastası olan 19 kadın bireyde 6 hafta 400 ml vişne suyu takviyesinin açlık kan şekerini %8 oranında; vücut ağırlığı, kan basıncı, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total kolesterol (TC) ve yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL) seviyelerinde azalmaya yol açtığını göstermişlerdir.…”