The effect of hydrochloric acid-doped polyaniline to enhance the conductivity

Rahayu, Iman; Eddy, Diana Rakhmawaty; Novianty, Atiek; Rukiah,; Anggreni, Anni; Bahti, Husein H.; Hidayat, Sahrul

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/509/1/012051

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…By contrast, large aggregates of PANI particles with up to several microns in size are formed after drying as shown in FE-SEM images. Nanofibres are generally the fundamental units produced during the oxidative chemical polymerization of PANI [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Owing to secondary overgrowth, the generated final products become irregularly shaped PANI powders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline Synthesized by Different Dopants for Fluorene Detection via Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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The effects of different dopants on the synthesis, optical, electrical and thermal features of polyaniline were investigated. Polyaniline (PANI) doped with p-toluene sulfonic acid (PANI-PTSA), camphor sulphonic acid (PANI-CSA), acetic acid (PANI-acetic acid) and hydrochloric acid (PANI-HCl) was synthesized through the oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline under acidic conditions at ambient temperature. Fourier transform infrared light, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and electrical analysis were used to define physical and structural features, bandgap values, electrical conductivity and type and degree of doping, respectively. Tauc calculation reveals the optical band gaps of PANI-PTSA, PANI-CSA, PANI-acetic acid and PANI-HCl at 3.1, 3.5, 3.6 and 3.9 eV, respectively. With the increase in dopant size, crystallinity is reduced, and interchain separations and d-spacing are strengthened. The estimated conductivity values of PANI-PTSA, PANI-CSA, PANI-acetic acid and PANI-HCl are 3.84 × 101, 2.92 × 101, 2.50 × 10−2, and 2.44 × 10−2 S·cm−1, respectively. Particularly, PANI-PTSA shows high PL intensity because of its orderly arranged benzenoid and quinoid units. Owing to its excellent synthesis, low bandgap, high photoluminescence intensity and high electrical features, PANI-PTSA is a suitable candidate to improve PANI properties and electron provider for fluorene-detecting sensors with a linear range of 0.001–10 μM and detection limit of 0.26 nM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline Synthesized by Different Dopants for Fluorene Detection via Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) was purchased from Heraeus (Hanau, Germany). Finally, Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized and doped in our laboratory by a chemical method [ 12 , 13 ], and the electrical properties of the respective salts were examined. Since PANI was synthesized in a single batch, this would have the same dispersion degree for all the samples, the variations in the conductive performance of the samples being rather connected with the presence of the other components.…”

Section: Materials and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Water-Based Paints for Composite Materials Used in Electromagnetic Shielding Applications

et al. 2022

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The development of materials offering electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is of significant consideration, since this can help in expanding the lifetime of devices, electromagnetic compatibility, as well as the protection of biological systems. Conductive paints used widely today in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications are often based on organic solvents that can create safety issues due to the subsequent environment problems. This paper concerned the development of eco-friendly conductive water-based paints for use in EMI-shielding applications. Graphene nanoplatelets, polyaniline emeraldine (PANI) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) or HCl or HBr and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) in various ratios were employed in a water base for developing the paints. The target was to develop homogeneous water-based paint-like fluid mixtures easily applied onto surfaces using a paint brush, leading in homogeneous, uniform, opaque layers, draying fast in air at room temperature, and having quite good electrical conductivity that can offer efficient EMI-shielding performance. The results of this parametric trial indicated the optimum compositions leading in paints with optimized properties that can result in uniform, homogeneous, and conductive layers up to a thickness of over 500 μm without deformation and cracking, offering attenuation of up to 60 dBs of incoming GHz electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the structural and morphological characteristics of these paints were studied in detail.

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“…The base form is usually used in gas-sensing film deposition so that when it is exposed to hydrogen sulfide gas the resultant increase in the conductivity is large enough and PANI (EB) has better solubility than PANI (ES) in polar solvents such as NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) [27].…”

Section: Pani (Emeraldine Base) Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PANI-Based Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Sensors

et al. 2022

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A hydrogen sulfide gas-sensitive chemiresistive sensor was screen printed on a flexible polyethylene terphthalate substrate using a nanocomposite of polyaniline(PANI)/WO3/CuCl2 (PET). FE-SEM analysis validated the nanoscale morphology of the composite, which revealed tungsten oxide particles in nano-rectangular forms, i.e., rod-like structures. The gas-sensing capabilities of the film were affected by the PANI and WO3 ratio, with the optimal ratio of 0.5 showing the best response. It was tested at various H2S gas concentrations and demonstrated a progressive response as the gas concentration increased. PANI/WO3/CuCl2 film was more sensitive than PANI/CuCl2 binary composite film. Around 1 ppm of gas concentration, with a response time of 67.9 s at room temperature, the highest response of two orders of magnitude change was observed, of 93%. This study found that PANI/WO3/CuCl2 is an excellent composite for improving the reversibility and humidity sensitivity of PANI/CuCl2 composite-based chemiresistors during H2S gas sensing, and that screen printing is a simple and cost-effective method for producing stable and uniform film-based chemiresistive gas sensors.

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The effect of hydrochloric acid-doped polyaniline to enhance the conductivity

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Polyaniline Synthesized by Different Dopants for Fluorene Detection via Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Polyaniline Synthesized by Different Dopants for Fluorene Detection via Photoluminescence Spectroscopy

Novel Water-Based Paints for Composite Materials Used in Electromagnetic Shielding Applications

PANI-Based Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Sensors

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