The Effect of High Spinal Anesthesia on the Renal Hemodynamics and the Excretion of Electrolytes During Osmotic Diuresis in the Hydropenic Normal Pregnant Woman 1

Crystalloid Prehydration versus Cohydration for Prevention Of Hypotension during Spinal Anaesthesia For Elective Caesarean Section

“…But, there was no difference in the dose of mephenteramine administered after delivery (Table 4). Before delivery in mg 6 (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) 3 (3) 0.014 After delivery in mg 6 (3-9) 6 (3-9) 0.117 Total Median Dose mg 9 (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12) 6 (3-9) 0.002…”

Renal Function Studies in Toxemia of Pregnancy

“…Osmotic diuresis was induced in hydropenia by administration of hypertonic mannitol solution according to the method previously described (6). Urine was collected during the "resting state" and over two or more periods of 10 to 15 minutes following induction of diuresis.…”

“…The relationship between excreted loads of electrolytes and other urinary constituents, on the one hand, and water on the other, is predictable and reproducible in normal pregnant and non-pregnant subjects studied with this technique (4)(5)(6). It has been observed that the amount of water excreted under these conditions is determined solely by the osmotic pressure of the excreted solutes, that the concentrations of sodium and chloride in the urine are remarkably constant and independent of the rate of urine flow, and that the rates of excretion of sodium and 'This investigation was supported (in part) by research grants from the National Heart Institute, the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service.…”

Hemodynamic Effects of 1-Hydrazinophthalazine (Apresoline) in Human Pregnancy: Results of Intravenous Administration 1

“…As has been previously reported (16,17,18), ganglionic blocking agents induce only a negligible fall in blood pressure in patients with acute toxemia of pregnancy. In contrast, in normal pregnant women and frequently in pregnant patients with essential hypertension these drugs have a marked hypotensive effect, usually associated with a decrease in both cardiac output and renal plasma flow (19,20 With the exception of the four patients with convulsive tclampsia, who were studied upon admission, all the patients were at bed rest on the obstetric wards for at least 24 hours prior to the study. During this period, the spontaneous variations in blood pressure in the toxemic patients and those with essential hypertension were determined by sphygmomanometric readings every one or two hours, the pulse rate also being determined.…”

“…The average of all these readings served as the control blood pressure. Apresoline was then given by rapid (20 (a) Normotensive nonpregnant and normotensive pregnant subjects: Both groups of subjects responded in a similar manner. The average diastolic fall was 5 and 6 per cent, respectively; the change in systolic pressure was slight ( Figure 1).…”