“…Thus, the essential difference between the structural conditions after TMT and quenching is a high density of dislocations and nanoparticles of vanadium carbonitride formed on them. It was shown earlier [5] that a high density of stable V(CN) nanoparticles is an important factor of increasing the strength of ferritic-martensitic steels.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…This tempering in combination with an increased quenching rate was reported to be highly efficient [3,5]. Using the stepwise heat treatments, including stepwise tempering combined with a high-rate quenching (water quenching), it is possible to reduce the density of coarse M 23 C 6 carbides and increase that of nanoscale V(CN) particles.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some of the samples were tempered at 720°C (for 3 h) and 620° (for 1 h) + 720° (for 1 h). The efficiency of stepwise tempering in combination with the increased cooling rate (quenching in water) was shown elsewhere [3,5].…”
Section: Test Materials and Experimental Proceduresmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…To extend the operating temperature range of these steels, one has to fulfill two requirements: to reduce the ductile-brittle transition temperature and to increase their high-temperature strength [1][2][3][4][5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our earlier investigations have shown that a thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) of steel EK-181 with the deformation in the ferritic-martensitic range leads to a significant acceleration of tempering, an increase in the ferrite volume fraction and faster coagulation of carbide particles [5]. However, it is known [6] that one of the versions of thermomechanical treatments of steel is a TMT with the deformation in the austenitic region-high-temperature thermomechanical treatment.…”
The effect of high-temperature thermomechanical treatment (TMT) with the deformation in the austenitic region on the features of microstructure, phase transformations and mechanical properties of low-activation 12% Cr ferritic-martensitic steel EK-181 is investigated. It is established, that directly after thermomechanical treatment (without tempering) the sizes and density of V(CN) particles are comparable with those after a traditional heat treatment (air quenching and tempering at 720°C, 3 h), where these particles are formed only during tempering. It causes the increasing of the yield strength of the steel up to 1450 MPa at room temperature and up to 430 MPa at the test temperature T = 650°C. The potential of microstructure modification by this treatment aimed at improving heat resistance of steel is discussed.
“…Thus, the essential difference between the structural conditions after TMT and quenching is a high density of dislocations and nanoparticles of vanadium carbonitride formed on them. It was shown earlier [5] that a high density of stable V(CN) nanoparticles is an important factor of increasing the strength of ferritic-martensitic steels.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…This tempering in combination with an increased quenching rate was reported to be highly efficient [3,5]. Using the stepwise heat treatments, including stepwise tempering combined with a high-rate quenching (water quenching), it is possible to reduce the density of coarse M 23 C 6 carbides and increase that of nanoscale V(CN) particles.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some of the samples were tempered at 720°C (for 3 h) and 620° (for 1 h) + 720° (for 1 h). The efficiency of stepwise tempering in combination with the increased cooling rate (quenching in water) was shown elsewhere [3,5].…”
Section: Test Materials and Experimental Proceduresmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…To extend the operating temperature range of these steels, one has to fulfill two requirements: to reduce the ductile-brittle transition temperature and to increase their high-temperature strength [1][2][3][4][5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our earlier investigations have shown that a thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) of steel EK-181 with the deformation in the ferritic-martensitic range leads to a significant acceleration of tempering, an increase in the ferrite volume fraction and faster coagulation of carbide particles [5]. However, it is known [6] that one of the versions of thermomechanical treatments of steel is a TMT with the deformation in the austenitic region-high-temperature thermomechanical treatment.…”
The effect of high-temperature thermomechanical treatment (TMT) with the deformation in the austenitic region on the features of microstructure, phase transformations and mechanical properties of low-activation 12% Cr ferritic-martensitic steel EK-181 is investigated. It is established, that directly after thermomechanical treatment (without tempering) the sizes and density of V(CN) particles are comparable with those after a traditional heat treatment (air quenching and tempering at 720°C, 3 h), where these particles are formed only during tempering. It causes the increasing of the yield strength of the steel up to 1450 MPa at room temperature and up to 430 MPa at the test temperature T = 650°C. The potential of microstructure modification by this treatment aimed at improving heat resistance of steel is discussed.
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