The Effect of Group Emotional Schema Therapy on Cognitive Emotion Strategies in Women with Migraine Headaches: a Pilot Study

Shahsavani, Sahar; Մաշհադի, Ալի; Bigdeli, Imanollah

doi:10.1007/s41811-020-00073-8

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The distinctive nature of EMSs makes their study especially engaging, beyond the research on other beliefs and cognitive variables previously analyzed in the literature. In addition, the existence of a specific therapy for working on them, Young's Schema Therapy (Farokhi et al, 2020;Shahsavani et al, 2020;Young et al, 2006), would open up to other therapeutic options if EMSs were shown to be relevant factors in FM maintenance and severity. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies analyzing EMSs in patients with FM compared to healthy people.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

López-López¹,

Pacho²,

González³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: There is evidence supporting the relationship between early stress and childhood trauma and the development of fibromyalgia (FM). Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are considered a consequence of early stress. Previous research has shown their role in maintaining stress responses and their relevance in other populations with pain. The main aim of this study has been to analyze the presence of EMSs in patients with FM compared to healthy adult women. In addition, the relationship between the strength of EMSs and pain intensity was tested. Method: The total sample consisted of 167 women: 83 patients with FM and 84 healthy controls. Results: Chi-square analyses showed that the percentage of participants with clinically significant scores is higher for patients with FM in 11 of the 18 EMSs evaluated. Moreover, discriminant analyses revealed that these EMS are useful to discriminate between FM and healthy controls, classifying 74.2% of original cases. In relation to the second aim, the mean pain intensity correlated with the strength of several EMSs: approval seeking, unrelenting standards, insufficient self-control, and mistrust/abuse. Conclusions: The current study highlights that a high rate of patients with FM have clinically significant EMSs compared to healthy matched controls, as has been found in other populations with pain. Besides, this study provides initial evidence that EMSs are positively associated with the pain experienced by patients with FM, suggesting the existence of a possible association between early stress and pain. Therefore, taking EMSs into account could be of great relevance to clinicians. Clinical Impact StatementEmotional-cognitive variables and early stress have a central role in fibromyalgia (FM). One of the consequences of childhood stress is the development of a strong system of maladaptive beliefs called early maladaptive schemas (EMSs). EMSs seem to be relevant in the development of several pain problems. This is the first study analyzing EMSs in patients with FM. The results showed that participants with FM have more clinically altered EMSs than healthy people, and these EMSs are associated to pain intensity. Taking EMSs into account could be of relevance to clinicians and Young's Schema Therapy could be useful in their management.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

López-López¹,

Pacho²,

González³

et al. 2024

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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“…There are many studies focusing on the early onset of migraine, the psychological problems accompanying the migraine diagnosis, or the distorted functionality of the adolescents ( 4 – 6 ), but studies that examine pediatric migraine with the STM perspective are limited ( 44 , 45 ). Our findings will contribute to the researchers who would study migraine in children and adolescents through the psychosocial and developmental perspective of STM.…”

Section: Contributions and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness-related perceptions and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine.Material and methodsA total of 134 adolescents (aged 12–18 years) diagnosed with migraine with and without aura participated in the study. The Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Pain Coping Questionnaire, and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaires Set for Children and Adolescents were used.ResultsThe intensity of using desperate ways of coping with pain was higher among adolescents who perceive migraine as a chronic disease (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) even if they have episodic attacks and who have higher levels of coherency in understanding the illness (β = 0.256, p < 0.01). First, full mediations of over-vigilance/inhibition and impaired autonomy/performance schema domains on these relations were observed. Second, the increases in negative cognitive (β = 0.199, p < 0.05) and emotional (β = 0.280, p < 0.01) representations related to the consequences of the illness lead to an increase in the uncontrolled and frequent use of analgesic drugs where the partial mediating role of over-vigilance/inhibition schema domain on this correlation is observed. The perceptions about the negative as well as serious consequences of migraine are related to both the self-active behaviors (β = 0.181, p < 0.05) and the conscious cognitive attempts (β = 0.207, p < 0.05) as effective coping strategies, which is an unexpected finding. The disconnection/rejection schema domain had a full mediation role on both relations.ConclusionThe results suggest that early maladaptive schemas are essential factors that affect the migraine coping processes of adolescents.

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“…Emotion regulation therapy has exhibited effectiveness in treating generalized anxiety disorder with or without concurrent depression (O'Toole et al, 2019). Notably, Shahsavani et al (2020) demonstrated the impact of emotional schema therapy on migraine severity and cognitive emotion regulation strategies, highlighting its effectiveness in reducing migraine severity and enhancing cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Additionally, Ruini et al (2009) showcased the enhanced outcomes achieved through the combined application of Well-Being Therapy (WBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).…”

Section: Development Of Emotion Regulation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowering University Students: Unleashing Effective Strategies to Combat Anxiety Through Cognitive Emotion Regulation Program

Gökmen Özdemir,

Eryılmaz

2024

Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

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This study aims to explore the efficacy of a cognitive emotion regulation program tailored for university students grappling with anxiety. The program, designed to equip participants with effective cognitive emotion regulation strategies, employed a pre-test, post-test experimental framework encompassing both experimental and control groups. Evaluation of the program's effectiveness drew upon the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale. The research engaged a total of 20 undergraduate university students—10 in each experimental and control group. Across 14 sessions lasting 90 minutes each, the program unfolded. Data analysis involved the Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The outcomes unveiled a notable discrepancy in depression reduction between the experimental and control groups, favoring the former. Moreover, the program exhibited a dual benefit by enhancing cognitive emotion regulation strategies while concurrently diminishing anxiety levels among the experimental group. These findings robustly underscore the program's efficacy. The program's noteworthy contributions prompt its potential application within university psychological counseling centers and group therapy sessions for university students.

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The Effect of Group Emotional Schema Therapy on Cognitive Emotion Strategies in Women with Migraine Headaches: a Pilot Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

Early maladaptive schemas as a risk factor for fibromyalgia: A case-control study.

The mediating role of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between illness perception and pain coping strategies among adolescents diagnosed with migraine

Empowering University Students: Unleashing Effective Strategies to Combat Anxiety Through Cognitive Emotion Regulation Program

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