The effect of gamma rays irradiation on diversity of Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum as revealed by ISSR molecular marker

Abstract

Abstract. Due MS, Susilowati A, Yunus A. 2019. The effect of gamma rays irradiation on diversity of Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum as revealed by ISSR molecular marker. Biodiversitas 20: 1416-1422. Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) Kunt.) is one of the horticultural commodities that have high production in Indonesia, making it a superior product. Bananas are propagated vegetatively, which hampers the production of genetic variation and requires a long generation time in the vegetative cycle. This study aimed to determine the diversity of Pisang Ambon induced by gamma radiation of various dosages (10 Gy, 20 Gy and 30 Gy) in vitro based on the ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats) marker. The results showed that gamma-ray radiation influenced the morphological properties of plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width and leaf number based on ANOVA variance analysis. Increased growth occurs in plants with radiation doses of 10 Gy and 20 Gy. The molecular analysis of ISSR uses 6 primers, namely ISSR 835, ISSR 836, ISSR 846, ISSR 847, ISSR 848 and ISSR 855. Of the 6 primers, only 2 primers were able to produce polymorphisms above 50%. A total of 9 bands were produced, in which 8 bands showed polymorphic with a percentage of 90%. The similarity matrix ranged from 0.25-0.93, indicating the level of variation between mutants. The result of dendrogram was divided into two groups with a coefficient distance of 0.47-0.93; plants at a dose of 10 Gy have the highest diversity with the furthest coefficient of diversity distance of 0.47.

Selection for Growth Traits on M1V1 Generation of Raja Bulu Banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) Obtained by Gamma Rays Irradiation

“…Each of the Raja Bulu banana individual in the 10 Gy gamma ray irradiation treatment (R2) showed higher total fruit weight in a single bunch than without irradiation treatment (control) (Table 2). This is supported by Due et al (2019) that gamma ray irradiation at a dose of 10 Gy showed increases in banana growth in all parameters observed when compared to controls. The highest total weight of fruit in a single bunch was found in 10 Gy gamma ray irradiation treatment, namely R2 98 sample at 4.4 kg; while the lowest total weight of fruit in one bunch was 1.37 kg in sample R2 17.…”

Molecular based genetic diversity of Brongkol's superior durian germplasm of Semarang, Indonesia

“…ISSR markers have been shown to reveal and produce high polymorphic alleles (Siew et al 2018;Due et al 2019). The high polymorphic allele in durian is due to the open and random cross-pollination mechanism (Handayani 2016).…”

“…This marker is part of a microsatellite sequence that does not code for protein (non-coding region) and comprises one, two, or three nucleotides (Ng and Tan 2015). ISSR is superior to RAPD (Cui et al 2016;Daryono et al 2019;Due et al 2019). The advantages of this marker are high reproducibility, highly polymorphic, environmentally independent, cost-effective, and do not require the entire DNA sequence to design the primer (Jia et al 2011;Thul et al 2012;Animasaun et al 2015;Sunar et al 2016;Igwe et al 2017).…”

“…The advantages of this marker are high reproducibility, highly polymorphic, environmentally independent, cost-effective, and do not require the entire DNA sequence to design the primer (Jia et al 2011;Thul et al 2012;Animasaun et al 2015;Sunar et al 2016;Igwe et al 2017). The ISSR sequence has high sensitivity and is easier to propagate by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) than RAPD (Due et al 2019;Daryono et al 2019). This study analyzed genetic diversity and identified superior Brongkol durian using ISSR molecular markers.…”

Genetic diversity of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner in Temanggung District, Indonesia based on molecular marker RAPD

“…Molecular techniques such as molecular markers offer an opportunity to help detect the genetic diversity within a population (Abdulhafiz et al 2018;Due et al 2019). Some previous research has shown that molecular markers RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) is reliable and effective for assessing genetic diversity both within and between Coffea species (Mishra et al 2012).…”