The effect of gadolinium DTPA on tissue water compartments in slow‐ and fast‐twitch rabbit muscles

Adzamli, I. Kofi; Jólesz, Ferenc A.; Bleier, A.; Mulkern, Robert V.; Sándor, Tamás

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910110205

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Adzamli et al first reported prolongation of proton T2 and T1 relaxation times in slow-, compared to fast-twitch rabbit muscles, a difference that was proportional to the greater extracellular water content of the slow-twitch fibers. 33 The importance of water compartmentation was substantiated by a higher concentration of infused gadolinium DTPA, a marker of the extracellular space, in slow-twitch fibers. Interestingly, data from one group studying humans reported opposite findings.…”

Section: Muscle Fiber Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology

Shellock¹,

Tyson²,

Fleckenstein³

1996

Muscle Imaging in Health and Disease

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Section: Muscle Fiber Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology

Shellock¹,

Tyson²,

Fleckenstein³

1996

Muscle Imaging in Health and Disease

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“…[12] an estimate of K is necessary for the determination of T 2I . Methods in the literature proposed for the measurement of K (21,44) involve studies of longitudinal signal recovery (T 1 ) in the presence of intravascu- lar contrast agents at high fields.…”

Section: Extracting Physical Parameters From Decay Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results in various muscle types with different capillary densities indicated significant (10) or no (11) differences with monoexponential T 2 fits. Fits for multiexponential decay found two (11,12) or three (10,13,14) T 2 components in normal muscle. When three T 2 components were fit, the shortest T 2 component was approximately 5 msec.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Monitoring blood oxygen state in muscle microcirculation with transverse relaxation

Stainsby

Wright

2001

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Oxygen uptake from the microcirculation is a direct measure of tissue function. Magnetic resonance is capable of detecting differences between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood due to the paramagnetic properties of deoxyhemoglobin. At the level of the microcirculation, however, imaging methods cannot directly visualize the vessels. Instead, bulk MR parameters are investigated for their ability to monitor blood oxygen saturation (%O 2 ) changes in the microcirculation of tissue, specifically skeletal muscle. The ability to monitor the blood oxygenation level within the microcirculation could provide valuable insight into the question of tissue viability and the assessment of tissue function. Measurements of oxygen consumption have been shown to be correlated with organ function (1-5). A noninvasive measurement of blood oxygen state (%O 2 ) would be useful clinically in a range of disease states (6). We are interested in a bulk MR tissue parameter that is correlated to blood oxygen state and is sensitive enough to show changes in tissues where the blood volume fraction is small.Deoxyhemoglobin in blood acts as a paramagnetic contrast agent. This suggests that T 2 -based parameters are likely to be the most sensitive to changes in tissue blood oxygenation. Indeed, functional MR studies have shown that the BOLD contrast mechanism (7) can be sensitive to small changes in blood volume and oxygenation state. This contrast is T* 2 based, which is composed of T 2 Ј (reversible) and T 2 (irreversible) contributions, both of which are expected to change with blood oxygenation, following slightly different mechanisms. While this approach has proven effective in the brain, results in skeletal muscle have been mixed (8,9). Other investigators have studied the relaxation behavior of in vitro skeletal muscle using T 2 relaxation times. Results in various muscle types with different capillary densities indicated significant (10) or no (11) differences with monoexponential T 2 fits. Fits for multiexponential decay found two (11,12) or three (10,13,14) T 2 components in normal muscle. When three T 2 components were fit, the shortest T 2 component was approximately 5 msec. It was less than 5% of the total signal and was assigned to macromolecular-associated water. In vivo measurements would likely not be able to distinguish such a component since typical echo times are greater than the T 2 of this short component. Hazlewood et al. (13) hypothesized that the two longer T 2 components were associated with intra-and extracellular water. Le Rumeur et al. (11) demonstrated inconsistencies in Hazlewood's assignments, and instead related the long-T 2 component to the vascular space alone, and the short-T 2 component to the sum of interstitial and intracellular spaces. If Le Rumeur's assignments of intra-and extravascular spaces were correct, then changes in the T 2 of blood resulting from changes in its oxygen state should preferrentially affect the long-T 2 component. We have investigated the feasibility of detecting these blood oxygen...

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“…Their results indicate that both the short and long T2 components of fast-and slow-twitch muscle are similar under normal conditions. Adzamli et al (16,17) have made both T1 and T2 measurements of rabbit fastand slow-twitch fibers immediately following excision at 10 MHz. They have fitted single component models using log-linear least squares regression and multicomponent models using a maximum likelihood algorithm based on Poisson statistics ( 18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pulsed NMR relaxometry of striated muscle fibers

English

Joy

Henkelman

1991

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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The longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers are examined using rat muscle tissues in which one fiber type predominates. Both continuum and discrete exponential component fits are made to Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) and inversion recovery pulse sequence measurements. In addition, experiments which illustrate the large sources of variability that have led to apparent conflicts in the literature are presented. Based on the results of this study, unique NMR features that distinguish fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers are presented. The feasibility of differentiating fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is briefly discussed.

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The effect of gadolinium DTPA on tissue water compartments in slow‐ and fast‐twitch rabbit muscles

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

Diagnostic Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology

Diagnostic Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology

Monitoring blood oxygen state in muscle microcirculation with transverse relaxation

Pulsed NMR relaxometry of striated muscle fibers

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