The effect of food deprivation on shock elicited aggression in rats

Cahoon, D. D.; Crosby, Ray M.; Dunn, S T; Herrin, M. S.; Hill, Charles C.; Mcginnis, Marcia

doi:10.3758/bf03335929

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…They replicate previous reports in which group designs were used and aggression was elicited by electric shock (Cahoon et al, 1971). Present results also complement the finding of Cherek et al (1972) that rate of responding to produce a target is inversely related to body weight, and extend the range over which that relation holds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Other investigations have shown that food deprivation affects the level of attack when attack is elicited by electric shock. For example, the probability of attack following shock is higher in deprived as compared to nondeprived rats (Cahoon, Crosby, Dunn, Herrin, Hill, and McGinnis, 1971). With respect to schedule-induced attack, responding that is maintained by the opportunity to attack decreases as deprivation level decreases from 85 to 100% free-feeding weight (Cherek et al, 1972).…”

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confidence: 99%

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RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹

Dove

1976

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The relation between food deprivation and schedule-induced attack was investigated in four White Carneaux pigeons. Attack toward a mirror target was induced by a schedule of reinforcement in which 3-sec food presentations occurred at alternate intervals of 15 and 120 sec (multiple fixed-time 15-sec fixed-time 120-sec schedule). A continuous tone was presented during the 15-sec periods; it was absent during the 120-sec periods. Each pigeon was tested at 65, 80, and 95% of its free-feeding weight in ascending, descending, and ascending orders, respectively. Two relations were apparent; an inverse relation between body weight and rate of attack, and a tendency for rate of attack to increase during the experiment. Reduction or elimination of attack when the mirror was covered with brown paper for some sessions indicated that the results were due neither to changes in activity that might covary with weight nor to habituation to the experimental situation.Key words: attack, deprivation, schedule induced, mirror pecking, pigeonPain-elicited attack occurs when a noxious stimulus, such as an electric shock or a physical blow (e.g. Azrin, Hake, and Hutchinson, 1965;Ulrich and Azrin, 1962) is presented. Schedule-induced attack occurs during certain schedules of food presentation when an appropriate target is present (e.g. Azrin, Hutchinson, and Hake, 1966;Gentry, 1968). Both types of attack have been described in terms of physical contacts, such as biting by rats (Ulrich and Azrin, 1962) and monkeys (Azrin, Hutchinson, and Sallery, 1964;Hutchinson, Azrin, and Hake, 1966), and charging, pecking, and feather pulling by pigeons Cherek, Thompson, and Heistad, 1972;Dove, Rashotte, and Katz, 1974; Flory, 1969a Flory, , 1969bGentry, 1968 less frequently in satiated pigeons than in pigeons maintained at 80% of their freefeeding weights. Other investigations have shown that food deprivation affects the level of attack when attack is elicited by electric shock. For example, the probability of attack following shock is higher in deprived as compared to nondeprived rats (Cahoon, Crosby, Dunn, Herrin, Hill, and McGinnis, 1971). With respect to schedule-induced attack, responding that is maintained by the opportunity to attack decreases as deprivation level decreases from 85 to 100% free-feeding weight (Cherek et al., 1972). They noted that rate of attack showed changes similar to rate of responding to produce a live target pigeon, but the exact relation between schedule-induced attack and deprivation remains unclear, because in their study target availability as well as attack itself varied as a function of deprivation.The present study investigated the relation between deprivation and mean rate and variability of schedule-induced attack. A mirror mounted in conjunction with four microswitches served as the target. Such an arrangement was used previously in the context of multiple fixed-ratio fixed-ratio schedules, and responding on the mirror was functionally and topograplhically similar to responding that results when a live or st...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹

Dove

1976

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…Thus, the Weitz (1974) study was, in effect, a chronic injection condition. As Wesley and Tramill (Note I) have reported a drop in food consumption in animals exposed to chronic ethanol injections, the results reported by Weitz may have been, at least to some extent, influenced by food restriction (see Cahoon, Crosby, Herrin, Hill, & McGinnis, 1971) or an interaction between food deprivation and alcohol injection. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of chronic ethanol challenges on aggressive responding in animals maintained on a controlled diet.…”

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confidence: 79%

The effects of chronic ethanol challenges on aggressive responding in rats maintained on a semideprivation diet

Tramill

Wesley

Davis

1981

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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A 2 by 3 factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of type of injection (saline vs. ethanol) and amount injected (.25 cc, .50 cc, .75 ccllOO g body weight) on shock-elicited aggression. All subjects were maintained on a restricted diet for the duration of the experiment. Intraperitoneal injections were administered to all subjects each day for 15 days. On the 15th day, each subject received shock-elicited aggression testing 15 min after the daily injection. The results indicated that the alcohol·injection subjects were significantly more aggressive than were the saline-injected subjects at the .25-cc level, but these subjects were significantly less aggressive at the . 7 5·cc level.

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“…For example, a recent series of studies (Davis, Cronin, Meriwether, Neideffer, & Travis-Neideffer, 1978;Davis, Gussetto, Tramill, Neideffer, & Travis-Neideffer, 1978 ;Neideffer, Travis, Davis, Voorhees, & Prytula, 1977) has clearly demonstrated that insulin-induced hypoglycemia results in increased shock-elicited aggression. Further, Cahoon, Crosby, Dunn, Herrin, Hill, and McGinnis (1971) and Hamby and Cahoon (1971) have shown that rat subjects tested under food and water deprivation , respectively, displayed significantly higher levels of shock-elicited aggression responding than did satiated controls. Finally, Mollenhour, Voorhees, and Davis (1977) reported that the display of shock-elicited aggression was positively related to the duration of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation.…”

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Defensive burying as a function of food and water deprivation

Davis

Hazelrigg

Moore

et al. 1981

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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Three groups of albino rats were tested for defensive burying behavior under conditions of food deprivation, water deprivation, or satiation, respectively. Satiated subjects accumulated significantly more beddng material around the aversive stimulus and spent significantly more time engaged in defensive burying than did food-and water-deprived subjects. These results are compared with shock-elicited aggression results obtained under similar deprivation states. Pinel and Treit (1978) demonstrated that rat subjects administered a single electric shock via a stationary shock prod chose to bury the prod rather than attack, flee, or freeze as might have been predicted by Bolles ' (1970) statement of species-specific defense reactions. Designated "defensive burying," this unusual behavior has subsequently been replicated in several laboratories

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The effect of food deprivation on shock elicited aggression in rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹

RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹

The effects of chronic ethanol challenges on aggressive responding in rats maintained on a semideprivation diet

Defensive burying as a function of food and water deprivation

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The effect of food deprivation on shock elicited aggression in rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK1

RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK1

The effects of chronic ethanol challenges on aggressive responding in rats maintained on a semideprivation diet

Defensive burying as a function of food and water deprivation

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Product

Resources

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RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹

RELATION BETWEEN LEVEL OF FOOD DEPRIVATION AND RATE OF SCHEDULE‐INDUCED ATTACK¹