The effect of fabric structure on the compression behavior of weft-knitted spacer fabrics for cushioning applications

Asayesh, Azita; Amini, Marjan

doi:10.1080/00405000.2020.1829330

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This, in turn, decreases the stiffness of the composite structures. Such observations are also supported by reported literature [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In samples G1 and G2, the peaks are not as distinct as in G3 due to lower tube thickness/diameter.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The stress-strain behavior concerning the decrease and increase of the stiffness in glass fiber-reinforced hollow knitted composites are not completely unexpected. There are several research studies reported in literature where the compression behavior of knitted structures and their composites are described [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The initial part of the compression curve denotes the elastic stage, which corresponds to flattening and ovalization of hollow channels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Performance of Knitted Hollow Composites from Recycled Cotton and Glass Fibers for Packaging Applications

et al. 2021

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This research deals with the development of knitted hollow composites from recycled cotton fibers (RCF) and glass fibers (GF). These knitted hollow composites can be used for packaging of heavy weight products and components in aircrafts, marine crafts, automobiles, civil infrastructure, etc. They can also be used in medical prosthesis or in sports equipment. Glass fiber-based hollow composites can be used as an alternative to steel or wooden construction materials for interior applications. Developed composite samples were subjected to hardness, compression, flexural, and impact testing. Recycled cotton fiber, which is a waste material from industrial processes, was chosen as an ecofriendly alternative to cardboard-based packaging material. The desired mechanical performance of knitted hollow composites was achieved by changing the tube diameter and/or thickness. Glass fiber-reinforced knitted hollow composites were compared with RC fiber composites. They exhibited substantially higher compression strength as compared to cotton fiber-reinforced composites based on the fiber tensile strength. However, RC fiber-reinforced hollow composites showed higher compression modulus as compared to glass fiber-based composites due to much lower deformation during compression loading. Compression strength of both RCF- and GF-reinforced hollow composites decreases with increasing tube diameter. The RCF-based hollow composites were further compared with double-layered cardboard packaging material of similar thickness. It was observed that cotton-fiber-reinforced composites show higher compression strength, as well as compression modulus, as compared to the cardboard material of similar thickness. No brittle failure was observed during the flexural test, and samples with smaller tube diameter exhibited higher stiffness. The flexural properties of glass fiber-reinforced composites were compared with RCF composites. It was observed that GF composites exhibit superior flexural properties as compared to the cotton fiber-based samples. Flexural strength of RC fiber-reinforced hollow composites was also compared to that of cardboard packaging material. The composites from recycled cotton fibers showed substantially higher flexural stiffness as compared to double-layered cardboard material. Impact energy absorption was measured for GF and RCF composites, as well as cardboard material. All GF-reinforced composites exhibited higher absorption of impact energy as compared to RCF-based samples. Significant increase in absorption of impact energy was achieved by the specimens with higher tube thickness in the case of both types of reinforcing fibers. By comparing the impact performance of cotton fiber-based composites with cardboard packaging material, it was observed that the RC fiber-based hollow composites absorb much higher impact energy as compared to the cardboard-based packaging material. The current paper summarizes a comparative analysis of mechanical performance in the case of glass fiber-reinforced hollow composites vis-à-vis recycled cotton fiber-reinforced hollow composites. The use of recycled fibers is a positive step in the direction of ecofriendly materials and waste utilization. Their performance is compared with commercial packaging material for a possible replacement and reducing burden on the environment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance of Knitted Hollow Composites from Recycled Cotton and Glass Fibers for Packaging Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Similar to traditional spacer fabric and cushioning materials, the plotted compression curve of all of the samples consisted of four stages including the initial, linear elastic, plateau and densification stages, which are determined based on the slope of the curve. 7,23,36 As the density and the spacer layer are affected by the elastic inlay, the compression behavior of the spacer fabric also showed a significant change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Many studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of different materials and fabric structures on improving the cushioning and protective properties of both warp-knitted and weft-knitted spacer fabrics. [20][21][22][23][24] The properties of spacer fabrics can be tailored by modifying the type of yarns, knitting pattern and structure of each of the three layers to suit different end-uses. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The structure of weft-knitted spacer fabrics has a certain degree of elasticity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Curvature control of weft-knitted spacer fabric through elastic inlay

Sukigara

Yick

2022

Textile Research Journal

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Wearable cushioning products that accommodate the body contours are challenging to fabricate. A method that controls the curvature of spacer fabric thus facilitating a high degree of conformity to the body is proposed here. Elastic yarn is inlaid into one of the surface layers and the feeding rate is controlled. The physical properties, curvature and compression properties of five samples with the same knitted structure but different feeding rate of the elastic yarn are evaluated. The results show a linear relationship between fabric curvature and feeding rate. Curved spacer fabric with a lower feeding rate has a greater degree of curvature and is thicker, but with a smaller fabric width, and lower weight and density. The compression stiffness and work of compression increase with curvature, which allows strategic cushioning in areas that are relatively more curved, such as the kneecaps. The proposed method can contribute to the development of protective garments.

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“…The elasticity of yarns used in the surface layer is one of the factors that contributes to the compression properties [12][13][14]. The compression properties of weftknitted spacer fabric have been found to be affected by the number of tuck stitches in the surface layers [15]. However, it has also been shown that the compression properties of spacer fabric are related to the connective layer [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Silicone Inlaid Materials on Reinforcing Compressive Strength of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabric for Cushioning Applications

Sukigara

Shirakihara

2021

Polymers

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Spacer fabrics are commonly used as cushioning materials. They can be reinforced by using a knitting method to inlay materials into the connective layer which reinforces the structure of the fabric. The compression properties of three samples that were fabricated by inlaying three different types of silicone-based elastic tubes and one sample without inlaid material have been investigated. The mechanical properties of the elastic tubes were evaluated and their relationship to the compression properties of the inlaid spacer fabrics was analysed. The compression behaviour of the spacer fabrics at an initial compressive strain of 10% is not affected by the presence of the inlaid tubes. The Young’s modulus of the inlaid tubes shows a correlation with fabric compression. Amongst the inlaid fabric samples, the spacer fabric inlaid with highly elastic silicone foam tubes can absorb more compression energy, while that inlaid with silicone tubes of higher tensile strength has higher compressive stiffness.

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The effect of fabric structure on the compression behavior of weft-knitted spacer fabrics for cushioning applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanical Performance of Knitted Hollow Composites from Recycled Cotton and Glass Fibers for Packaging Applications

Mechanical Performance of Knitted Hollow Composites from Recycled Cotton and Glass Fibers for Packaging Applications

Curvature control of weft-knitted spacer fabric through elastic inlay

Effect of Silicone Inlaid Materials on Reinforcing Compressive Strength of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabric for Cushioning Applications

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