[Purpose] This study investigates the effects of task-oriented activities on hand
function, cognitive function, and self-expression of the elderly with dementia, and then
identify the influencing factors on self-expression in sub-factors of dependent variables.
[Subjects and Methods] Forty elderly persons were divided into two groups: intervention
group (n=20) and control group (n=20). The interventions were applied to the subjects 3
times a week, 50 minutes per each time, for a total of five weeks. We measured the jamar
hand dynamometer test for grip strength, the jamar hydraulic pinch gauge test for
prehension test, nine-hole pegboard test for coordination test, and Loewenstein
Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment-Geriatric Population for cognitive function, and
self-expression rating scale for self-expression test. [Results] The task-oriented
activities promoted hand function, cognitive function (visual perception, spatial
perception, visuomotor organization, attention & concentration) and self-expression of
the elderly with early dementia, and the factors influencing the self-expression were
cognitive function (visual perception) and hand function (coordination). The study showed
that the task-oriented program enabled self-expression by improving hand function and
cognitive function. [Conclusion] This study suggested that there should be provided the
task-oriented program for prevention and treatment of the elderly with early dementia in
the clinical settings and it was considered that results have a value as basic data that
can be verified relationship of hand function, cognitive function, and
self-expression.