The Effect of Exogenously Applied Plant Growth Regulators on Plant Development of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Abstract

Plant growth regulators have important roles in plant growth and development. The externally applicable chemicals belong to different action classes and each one has a crucial and effective role at different plant growing stages. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is one of the most important and valuable medicinal and aromatic plant, belongs to Iridaceae family. Because of impossibility of generative propagation in nature, growing can be maintened asexually with daughter corms occured each year. In this experiment, the effects of exogenously applied paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin and picloram on saffron developmental stages were studied. Data were focused on aerial part and corm related characters which is important in developmental findings in this plant. In the treatments, paclobutrazol (10 or 20 mg L -1 ), indole-3-butyric acid (1 or 3 mg L -1 ), zeatin (1 or 3 mg L -1 ) and picloram (5 or 10 mg L -1 ) were applied alone besides control to saffron 45 days after planting to the soil under greenhouse condition. According to the data picloram concentrations have a retardant role in nodium activation, leaf number and corm developmental characters (number, weight, diameter and yield of daughter corm) but cause the highest plant height (60.98 cm in 10 mg L -1 and 57.37 cm in 5 mg L -1 ). In 10 mg L -1 paclobutrazol treatments resulted as the best corm production (469 kg da -1 ) than the other treatments and control. Zeatin at 3 mg L -1 concentration was found effective on the best nodium activation (2.81 active nodes/corm). In conclusion, saffron development is affected significantly by externally applied plant growth regulators under soil condition and the application methods can be progressed in studies on aimed parts of the plant. Keywords:Crocus sativus, indole-3-butyric acid, paclobutrazol, picloram, zeatin ÖZET: Dışsal uygulanabilen kimyasallar olan ve farklı etki sınıfları içinde bulunan bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerinin her biri bitki büyüme ve gelişiminin farklı aşamaları üzerinde hayati ve önemli işlevlere sahiptir. Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler içinde en önemli ve değerli bitkilerden biri olan safran (Crocus sativus L.) Iridaceae familyasına ait olup, doğal olarak generatif yolla üretilmesi mümkün olmadığından bitki gelişimi aseksüel olarak her yıl meydana gelen yavru kormlardan sağlanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada dışsal olarak uygulanan paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin and picloram maddelerinin safran gelişimi üzerine etkileri çalışılmıştır. Bitki gelişimi için önemli parametreler olan korm ve toprak üstü aksamı ile ilişkili karakterlerle ilgili veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kontrol parsellerinin yanında paclobutrazol, indole-3-butyric acid, zeatin ve picloram bitki dikiminden 45 gün sonra cam serada toprağa uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre picloram konsantrasyonları nodyum aktivasyonu, yaprak sayısı ve korm gelişim özellikleri (korm sayısı, ağırlığı, çapı ve yavru korm verimi) için geciktirici bir rol oynarken, en yüksek bitki boyu (10 mg L -1 de 60.98 cm ve 5 mg L -1 de ...

The Effect of 24-Epibrassinolide Treatments at Different Concentrations on Some Growth Parameters and Crocin Level in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

“…While picloram, plays a delaying role in parameters related to nodium activation and corm in saffron among the substances picloram, paclobutrazol or zeatin applied in greenhouse conditions exogenously, the best corm yield was obtained from paclobutrazol (10 mg L -1 ) application compared to the other treatment groups. Zeatin application (3 mg L -1 ) caused led to the formation of a high number of active corms (2.81 active nodium/corm) [32]. As all EBL concentrations applied in the present study revealed statistically significant increases in root and shoot length compared to control, maximum values were determined in both parameters consequent to 10 -8 M EBL treatment ( Table 2).…”

“…Plant growth regulators, a product of modern biotechnology, are significant in this respect [29]. But so far, there are very few studies investigating the possible effects of PGRs on saffron [30][31][32]. To our best knowledge, there is no investigation on the effects of BRs on plant growth and seconder metabolites of saffron.…”