The effect of ethanol on hemostatic properties of human blood platelets

Haut, Michael J.; Cowan, Dale H.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90747-5

Cited by 187 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Findings from this study have shown that alcohol concentration significantly (p<0.05) increased the clotting time in the animals in a dose dependent manner. This fact can be understandable with reports from Haut and Cowan (1974) showing the effect of alcohol on platelet activity. They demonstrated that alcohol added to human platelets in vitro, ingested by subjects, or infused intravenously into men markedly decreased platelet aggregation in response to thrombin, collagen, epinephrine, and adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Modulates the Clotting Time In Wistar Rats

Ekhoye¹

2012

IOSR-JDMS

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Modulates the Clotting Time In Wistar Rats

Ekhoye¹

2012

IOSR-JDMS

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“…This lack of inhibitory effect of alcohol on thrombin-induced aggregation could be explained if alcohol caused an immediate and general inhibitory effect on platelet function, but the inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced aggregation was transitory. This suggestion comes from different animal studies (15,21).…”

Section: Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is well known that alcohol consumption raises HDLcholesterol concentrations and thereby reduces the development of atherosclerosis. However, many studies have also demonstrated that alcohol affect hemostatic parameters (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, Wine and Platelet Function

Ruf¹

2004

Biol. Res.

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Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse correlation between moderate wine and alcohol consumption and morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. The protective effect has been associated with an increase in the plasma level of HDL cholesterol, as it is well recognized that plasma HDL is inversely correlated with CHD. In addition, it has become evident that blood platelets contribute to the rate of development of atherosclerosis and CHD through several mechanisms. In recent studies it has been shown that the level of HDL cholesterol can explain only 50 % of the protective effect of alcoholic beverages; the other 50 % may be partly related to a decrease in platelet activity. This anti-platelet activity of wine is explained by ethanol but also by the polyphenolic components with which red wines are richly endowed. Several studies carried out on humans and animals have shown that wine phenolics could exert their effects by reducing prostanoid synthesis from arachidonate. In addition, it has been suggested that wine phenolics could reduce platelet activity mediated by nitric oxide. Moreover, wine phenolics increase vitamin E levels while decreasing the oxidation of platelets submitted to oxidative stress. However, a rebound phenomenon of hyperaggregability is observed after an acute alcohol consumption which is not observed with wine consumption. This protection afforded by wine has been duplicated in animals with grape phenolics added to alcohol. The rebound phenomenon may explain ischemic strokes or sudden deaths known to occur after episodes of drunkenness. It appears that wine, and wine phenolics in particular, could have a more significant inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and could explain, in part, the hypothesis that red wine is more protective against atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

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“…9,10 Although ethanol attenuates platelet activity, this inhibition occurs only at high levels not achievable with moderate alcohol consumption. 11 Both wine and grape juice have also been shown in vivo to inhibit platelet activity and thrombosis in stenosed canine coronary arteries. 12 Recently, PGJ was shown to decrease platelet aggregation, although this platelet-inhibitory effect resolved 1 week after completion of consumption of PGJ.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Select Flavonoids and Whole Juice From Purple Grapes Inhibit Platelet Function and Enhance Nitric Oxide Release

et al. 2001

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Background-Moderate red wine consumption is inversely associated with coronary ischemia, and both red wine and purple grape juice (PGJ) contain flavonoids with antioxidant and antiplatelet properties believed to be protective against cardiovascular events. Acute cardiac events are also associated with decreased platelet-derived nitric oxide (NO) release. In this study, the effects of PGJ and PGJ-derived flavonoids on platelet function and platelet NO production were determined. Methods and Results-Incubation of platelets with dilute PGJ led to inhibition of aggregation, enhanced release of platelet-derived NO, and decreased superoxide production. To confirm the in vivo relevance of these findings, 20 healthy subjects consumed 7 mL · kg Ϫ1 · d Ϫ1 of PGJ for 14 days. Platelet aggregation was inhibited after PGJ supplementation, platelet-derived NO production increased from 3.5Ϯ1.2 to 6.0Ϯ1.5 pmol/10 8 platelets, and superoxide release decreased from 29.5Ϯ5.0 to 19.2Ϯ3.1 arbitrary units (PϽ0.007 and PϽ0.05, respectively). ␣-Tocopherol levels increased significantly after PGJ consumption (from 15.6Ϯ0.7 to 17.6Ϯ0.9 mol/L; PϽ0.009), and the plasma protein-independent antioxidant activity increased by 50.0% (PϽ0.05). Last, incubation of platelets with select flavonoid fractions isolated from PGJ consistently attenuated superoxide levels but had variable effects on whole-blood aggregation, platelet aggregation, and NO release. Conclusions-Both in vitro incubation and oral supplementation with PGJ decrease platelet aggregation, increase platelet-derived NO release, and decrease superoxide production. These findings may be a result of antioxidant-sparing and/or direct effects of select flavonoids found in PGJ. The suppression of platelet-mediated thrombosis represents a potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of purple grape products, independent of alcohol consumption, in cardiovascular disease. (Circulation. 2001;103:2792-2798.)

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The effect of ethanol on hemostatic properties of human blood platelets

Cited by 187 publications

References 23 publications

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Modulates the Clotting Time In Wistar Rats

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Modulates the Clotting Time In Wistar Rats

Alcohol, Wine and Platelet Function

Select Flavonoids and Whole Juice From Purple Grapes Inhibit Platelet Function and Enhance Nitric Oxide Release

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