The effect of estrogens on plasma ghrelin concentrations in women

Dafopoulos, Konstantinos; Chalvatzas, Nektarios; Kosmas, Georgios; Kallitsaris, A.; Pournaras, Spyros; Messinis, Ioannis E.

doi:10.1007/bf03346563

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Ghrelin antagonizes leptin action through the activation of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y/Y1 receptor pathway, augmented NPY gene expression, and increases food intake [95–97]. Estrogen hormone replacement therapy induces a decrease or no change in ghrelin activity [98]. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) promotes food consumption by acting directly on the lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus.…”

Section: Estrogens Control Of Central Nucleus Of Appetite and Satimentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Deficiency and the Origin of Obesity during Menopause

Lizcano

Guzmán

2014

BioMed Research International

393

300

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Sex hormones strongly influence body fat distribution and adipocyte differentiation. Estrogens and testosterone differentially affect adipocyte physiology, but the importance of estrogens in the development of metabolic diseases during menopause is disputed. Estrogens and estrogen receptors regulate various aspects of glucose and lipid metabolism. Disturbances of this metabolic signal lead to the development of metabolic syndrome and a higher cardiovascular risk in women. The absence of estrogens is a clue factor in the onset of cardiovascular disease during the menopausal period, which is characterized by lipid profile variations and predominant abdominal fat accumulation. However, influence of the absence of these hormones and its relationship to higher obesity in women during menopause are not clear. This systematic review discusses of the role of estrogens and estrogen receptors in adipocyte differentiation, and its control by the central nervous systemn and the possible role of estrogen-like compounds and endocrine disruptors chemicals are discussed. Finally, the interaction between the decrease in estrogen secretion and the prevalence of obesity in menopausal women is examined. We will consider if the absence of estrogens have a significant effect of obesity in menopausal women.

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Section: Estrogens Control Of Central Nucleus Of Appetite and Satimentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Deficiency and the Origin of Obesity during Menopause

Lizcano

Guzmán

2014

BioMed Research International

393

300

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“…Also the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) – an orexigenic peptide produced in the hypothalamus – is inhibited in the presence of estrogens [23]. Moreover, activity of ghrelin – the strongest orexigenic peptide, derived mainly from the stomach, but also produced locally in the hypothalamus – is reduced by estrogens [24]. So overall it may be said that estrogens are involved in central regulation of energy balance, and act on the CNS to reduce appetite.…”

Section: Do Estrogens Affect Appetite?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity in menopause – our negligence or an unfortunate inevitability?

Kozakowski¹,

Gietka-Czernel²,

Leszczyńska³

et al. 2017

124

120

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Numerous concerns about menopause exist among women, and fear of an increase in body weight is one of the most important of them. This paper presents an overview of current knowledge concerning the etiology of obesity related to menopause and about the mechanisms of its development, with particular regard to the hormonal changes that occur during this period of life. The role of estrogens in the regulation of energy balance and the effect of sex hormones on metabolism of adipose tissue and other organs are presented. The consequence of the sharp decline in the secretion of estrogens with subsequent relative hyperandrogenemia is briefly discussed. The main intention of this review is to clarify what is inevitable and what perhaps results from negligence and unhealthy lifestyles. In the last part of the paper the possibilities of counteracting the progress of adverse changes in body composition, by promoting beneficial lifestyle modifications and the use of hormonal substitution treatment, in cases where it is reasonable and possible, are described.

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“…Based on the indirect nature of our study, we cannot rule out that the decline in ghrelin acylation is due to the inhibition of GOAT and not dependent on the availability of intraluminal MCFAs. In addition, we tested only men in our study, and we cannot exclude possible sex-specific effects in the regulation of MCFA substrate use of GOAT during fasting, albeit the role of estrogens in the regulation of ghrelin is controversial (18,19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%