The effect of environmental tobacco smoke on eczema and allergic sensitization in children

Krämer, Ursula; Lemmen, Christa; Behrendt, Heidrun; Link, Elke; Schäfer, Torsten; Gostomzyk, J. G.; Scherer, Gerhard; Ring, Johannes

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05710.x

Cited by 142 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…12 Although the evidence for an association between early SHS exposure and eczema appears inconsistent, 12,16,17,32 our results, suggesting an elevated risk of eczema in children exposed to SHS during infancy, are in accord with those of other studies. 13,14,33 We observed the highest risks among school-age and adolescent children exposed to SHS during infancy, a finding similar to the results of a large international cross-sectional study. 13 The occurrence of excess risks at later ages may have several explanations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Parental Smoking and Allergic Disease Through Adolescence

Thacher¹,

Gruzieva²,

Pershagen

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

114

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke during pregnancy and infancy has been linked to development of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in young children. It is unclear whether these risks persist into adolescence. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Exposure to second-hand smoke in utero or during infancy influences the development of allergic disease up to adolescence. Excess risks for asthma and rhinitis were seen primarily in early childhood, whereas those for eczema occurred at later ages. abstract OBJECTIVES: To examine the role of prenatal and postnatal secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure on asthma, rhinitis, and eczema development up to 16 years of age. METHODS:A birth cohort of 4089 children was followed for 16 years. Information on parental smoking habits, lifestyle factors, and symptoms of allergic disease was gathered using repeated parental questionnaires. Generalized estimating equations assessed the overall and age-specific associations between SHS exposure and allergic disease at ages 1 to 16 years.RESULTS: Exposure to SHS in utero was associated with an overall elevated risk of developing asthma up to 16 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.83) but not for rhinitis or eczema. After additional adjustment for parental smoking throughout childhood, excess overall risks for asthma remained statistically significant. Moreover, a dose-dependent pattern with SHS was observed. Exposure to SHS during infancy was associated with an overall elevated risk of asthma (OR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.51), rhinitis (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.39), and eczema (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.09-1.45) up to 16 years. When age-specific associations were examined, the elevated risks related to SHS exposure in utero or during infancy were mostly confined to early childhood for asthma and rhinitis, whereas the excess risk of eczema appeared greatest at later ages. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings indicate that early SHS exposure, in utero or during infancy, influences the development of allergic disease up to adolescence. Excess risks for asthma and rhinitis were seen primarily in early childhood, whereas those for eczema occurred at later ages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Studies exploring the association between second-hand smoke (SHS) and rhinitis or eczema show inconsistent results. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Few longitudinal studies have been capable of investigating the effects of SHS exposure from birth to adolescence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Parental Smoking and Allergic Disease Through Adolescence

Thacher¹,

Gruzieva²,

Pershagen

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

114

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“…We only found that family smoking either currently or at child's birth has weak associations with child's wheeze ever or in the last 12 months (Table 4). We also found no significant associations between parental smoking (both paternal and maternal smoking) and child's rhinitis and hay fever, which are consistent with previous studies [3,24,25]. Therefore, smoking among parents may be not a strong risk factor for respiratory symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…A review also found that effective tobacco smoke control can rapidly reduce the prevalence of respiratory diseases [21]. However, several studies found no association between parental smoking and asthma [22,23], wheeze [23,24], hay fever [24,25] or rhinitis [3,25]. Moreover, a study conducted by ISAAC Phase One Study Group, found that "countries that have high adult male smoking rates have a lower risk of asthma and rhinitis symptoms in children" [26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between indoor environmental smoke and respiratory symptoms among preschool children in Shanghai, China

Liu

Huang

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Whether indoor environmental smoke is harmful for preschool children's respiratory health in a society where female smoking is rare has not been determined. This study is part of a cross-sectional study (CCHH study-phase one in Shanghai) and investigated associations between parental smoking and incense-burning and respiratory symptoms among 4-6 year old children in Shanghai, China. A number of 13335 valid questionnaires (response rate: 85.3%) were analyzed. A number of 56.1% (as reported by a parent) of preschool children in Shanghai are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). A number of 40.3% of fathers and 0.9% of mothers are smokers. A number of 53.7% and 12.6% of Shanghai residents have used mosquito-repellent incense and incensation respectively. Children exposed to any parental smoking have higher prevalence of wheeze and croup than those not exposed. Current maternal smoking has a significant and positive association with wheeze (in the last 12 months, AOR, 95% CI: 1.83, 1.11-2.99). However, paternal smoking either currently or at child's birth had only weak associations with wheeze and croup. Incense-burning (mosquito-repellent incense and incensation) had significant and negative association with doctor-diagnosed asthma (AOR, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.73-0.99) and hay fever (AOR, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.70-0.93). The results indicate that maternal smoking perhaps is a stronger risk factor for children's respiratory health than paternal smoking. environmental tobacco smoke, incense, asthma, wheeze, preschool children, Shanghai

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“…Kramer et al reported that environmental tobacco smoke could have only an adjuvant effect on AE in children genetically prone to allergies. 27,30 In another study from Turkey no association was found between smoking and AE. αBecause only patients with allergic history were taken to the statistical analysis, the number was small for the other significant risk factor (who has an allergy in the family).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in Adolescents Living in Denizli, Turkey (ISAAC Phase III): Is a Parent Working in Textile Industry a Risk Factor?

Akçay¹,

Duksal²,

Becerir³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To evaluate trends in the prevalence of symptoms and risk factors of atopic eczema in 13-14 years old school children in Denizli. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : This survey was first conducted in 2002 and repeated in 2008 using the same ISAAC questionnaire in the same age group. Possible risk factors were also asked. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : A total of 3004 children (response rate, 93.8%) in 2002 and 4078 children (response rate, 75%) in 2008 were included into the studies. Doctor diagnosed eczema ever increased from 2.1% to 3% (POR =0.7, 95% CI = 0.52-0.95, p= 0.015). The prevalence of itch rash ever and itch rash in last 12 month decreased respectively from 20.8% to 14.7% (POR =1.52, 95% CI =1.39-1.72, p<0.001) and from 15.4% to 9.5% (POR=1.72, 95% CI=1.49-1.99, p<0.001). The prevalence of itch rash with typical distribution, itch rash cleared completely in last 12 month and kept awake at night by this itchy rash in last 12 month were significantly decreased in 2008. Atopic family history, tumble drying at home, working father or mother in textile industry were found as significant risk factors for atopic eczema in 2008. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Although the prevalence of doctor diagnosed atopic eczema in 13-14 years age group was found to be increasing in Denizli, this study showed a decrease in the prevalence of typical clinical symptoms and signs of atopic eczema. Atopic family history, tumble drying at home, a working parent in textile industry were important risk factors for doctor diagnosed atopic eczema in 2008. Hayat boyu doktor tanılı egzema %2,1'den %3'e çıkmıştır (POR=0,7, %95 GA= 0,52-0,95 ve p=0,015). Hayat boyu kaşıntılı döküntü ve son 12 aydaki kaşıntılı döküntü sırasıyla %20,8'den %14,7'ye (POR=1,52, %95 GA=1,39-1,72 ve p<0,001) ve %15,4'ten %9,5'e (POR=1,52, %95 GA=1,39-1,72 ve p<0,001) düşmüştür. Tipik dağılımlı kaşıntılı döküntü, son 12 ayda tamamen düzelen kaşıntılı döküntü ve son 12 ayda bu kaşıntılı döküntü nedeniyle uykudan uyanma prevalansı, 2008'de anlamlı olarak azalmıştır. Atopik aile öyküsü, evin içinde çamaşır kurutulması, anne ya da babanın tekstil endüstrisinde çalışması 2008'de atopik egzema için anlamlı risk faktörleri olarak saptanmıştır. S So on nu uç ç: : Bu çalışma; doktor tanılı atopik egzemanın, Denizli'deki 13-14 yaş grubunda artmış olduğunu göstermesine rağmen, atopik egzema bulgularının ve tipik klinik semptomlarınn prevalansında azalma olduğunu göstermiştir. Atopik aile hikayesi, evde çamaşır kurutulması, ebeveynin tekstil endüstrisinde çalışması, 2008'de doktor tanılı atopik egzema için önemli risk faktörleri olarak bulunmuştur.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Dermatit, atopik; prevalans; risk faktörleri; eğilimler T Tu ur rk ki iy ye e K Kl li in ni ik kl le er ri i J J D De er rm ma at to ol l 2 20 01 16 6; ;2 26 6( (1 1) ): :1 1--9 9

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The effect of environmental tobacco smoke on eczema and allergic sensitization in children

Abstract: Children are at a higher risk of developing an atopic eczema when exposed to ETS and genetically predisposed children are at higher risk of developing a sensitization against house dust mites.

Cited by 142 publications

References 33 publications

Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Parental Smoking and Allergic Disease Through Adolescence

Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Parental Smoking and Allergic Disease Through Adolescence

Associations between indoor environmental smoke and respiratory symptoms among preschool children in Shanghai, China

The Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in Adolescents Living in Denizli, Turkey (ISAAC Phase III): Is a Parent Working in Textile Industry a Risk Factor?

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